dominal pains and the vertigo, showing clearly that the affection arises in the medulla oblongata, the organ of central co-ordination and Argentum nitricum is the remedy for all such cases radically curing such defects and producing a better state of health, than such patient formerly enjoyed. Poor Benedict! Grauvogl published his great work nearly five years ago, and you still walk in the dark!!!

S. L.

ON HYDROTHERAPY IN ABDOMINAL TYPHUS.

BY DR. PREUSS.

1. The temperature is reduced by every bath, more or less, according to the intensity of the fever and the duration and temperature of the bath, and thus the continuous type of the fever, which so quickly consumes the strength of the patient, is changed to an intermittent type, a fever whose ravages the organism can withstand much longer, than the former.

2. The frequency of the pulse is diminished by every bath, even considerably, whereas the tension in the aortic system increases, effectively preventing a paresis of the heart and greatly strengthening the cardiac muscles. Whereas before the bath the first sound of the heart can only be heard as a light murmur, it becomes normal after the bath, and the dicrotic pulse changes to a normal one.

3. The somnolence,as well as the other threatening manifestions of collapse become effectively checked,the patient remains perfectly conscious, changes freely his position in bed (of great importance for the prevention of decubitus) and enjoys after every bath a beneficial quiet sleep. The typhomanic physiognomy is gone.

4. The baths give to the patient permanent appetite, so that he relishes the fluid, easily assimilated, but strenthening nourishment, which he needs for his restoration.

5. Gastric as well as abdominal manifestions quickly disappear after the application of the baths. The tongue becomes clean, appetite returns, at the same time when meteorismus and diarrhœa diminish, and the stool is soon of normal quality (Brand is right in his remark, that hydrotherapy retards or prevents intestinal ulceration and we soon miss in such cases, the characteristic pain at pressure in the ileo-cœcal region.) Water treatment shows no influence on the swelling of the spleen or on albuminuria.

6. The catarrhal state of the lungs disappears as quick as the abdominal symptoms. Against hypostatic pueumonia and collapsus pulmonum we apply energetically cold bath combined with cold wet cloth, applied during the intervals between the baths, and produce thus an energetic action of the capillaries. The patient in the bath-tub is forced to deep and numerous inspirations by reflex action, and it obliges him to change his position and even to walk a few steps to his bath. Frequent anal examinations with the thermometer are also made in all our patients, which also forces them to alter their position.

7. Typhus, a complication of morbid states in different organs, is decidedly shortened in its course by the application of cold baths, and reconvalescence is therefore more rapid. We have a right to suppose that the large destruction of muscular fibres which is the part cause of such a great prostration, is more or less checked by cold water treatment, a result of the lower temperature.

Of the different modes of applying the cold water, as the full bath, which is gradually made cooler, the rather cool than tepid bath and wet sponging, Dr. Preuss prefers the cold douche from a watering pot, the patient being seated in the empty tub, of about six pails of water, as it runs from the hydrant. Such an application lasts with the intervals between each pail, during which the patient is rubbed by a nurse with the water in the tub, about 15 minutes. If the first pail of water is rapidly thrown over the patient, the impression of the whole manipulation is far less disagreeable. He recommends a bath as soon as the thermometer shows 39 to 40° R (121 to 122 F.) except when the patient slept. Compresses soaked in ice cold water were used during the intervals every 10 minutes, and in dangerous cases still more frequently, over chest and abdomen and the lower extremities, equally often rubbed off with a sponge to prevent a rapid rise of the temperature. During the acme night and day this treatment must be steadily continued.

Brand and others mention numerous and different cutaneous eruptions in form of furuncles (some of them with carbuncular necrotic character or ecthema pustules and acne vesicles on different parts of the body, especially on the back. This happens at the period of the crises and it does appear probable that the products of the disease discharge themselves through the skin instead of the hitherto usual manner.-Berliner Wochenschrift.

S. L.

NEW REMEDIES BY DR. ROTH OF LONDON.

The Sulpho-Carbolates. It is well known that Polli 1857 directed the attention of the profession to the use of sulphates in zymotic diseases, and Samson has done good service by uniting these salts with the carbolic acid. He uses Sulpho-carbolate of Iodium in doses of 20-30 gr., three times daily for grown persons, even increasing the dose in exceptionable cases to a drachm. It limits in children the growth of the aphthæ (thrush.) In stomatitis with diarrhoea and circular ulcers on the tongue, gums and internal surface of the cheeks; in follicular inflammation and swelling of the tonsils; in gangrenous ulcers of these glands with diphtheritic symptoms, in scarlatina with malignant ulceration of the throat, in enteric fever and tuberculosis he uses this preparation with good success.

Sulpho-Carbolate of Calcium was given in 26 cases of rachitis, with great improvement in 16 cases, (10 appeared perfectly cured) some amelioration in 5 cases, doubtful success in 5 cases. Cod liver oil was combined with the latter cases, in the former the medicine was given alone in 5 gr. doses.

Sulpho-Carbolate of Iron is indicated in general debility of children; some cases of eczema and impetigo improved greatly under its use, also a case of strumous swelling of the cervical glands. Of 10 patients threatened with tuberculosis, 4 were greatly improved, and in 6 cases of tuberculosis improvement followed, less in 7 others, and none in 8 cases.

Chloral. As a sedative it is used in chorea by Bouchut, in eclampsia by Seydwitz, and Demarquay praises its hypnotic effect. Sir James Simpson remarks, that it eases the pains of labor without preventing the contractions of the uterus, and he knows of no contra-indication to its use. Lambert recommends 15 grs. every hour, till sleep is procured, and labor then progresses; without that the woman wakes up. Oxley recommends it in all cases, where opium is contra-indicated, in general after operations; in neuralgia and angina pectoris,in bronchitis, sleeplessness, Bright's disease, in diseases of the joints. Most observers agree, that it does not suppress the secretions, as opium does, but they rather increase. Murchison and others saw good effects in hooping-cough. Tuke, Clouston and Macleod recommend it in mental diseases, and in general paralysis of patients, suffering from mental diseases. Russell found it useful in the delirium of typhus. In opposition to others, Habershon found that chloral produces congestion of the respiratory organs through the pneumogastric, and it should not be given where the respiratory process is out of order. He gave half a drachm to a patient suffering from aneu

risma of the aorta, where death was every moment expected, and the following day the patient felt no worse for it. Among its physiological effects are a painful sensation in the epigastrium, nausea, colic and copious perspiration, and Dr. Laborde who proved the remedy on himself, was thus forced to quit his experiment. Dr. Ronayne observed increased appetite in many cases, and does not believe that the absence of pain or the good night rest is the sole cause of the increased appetite in the morning. He got excellent results in the labored cough of bronchitis and phtisis, where opium, conium and hydrocyanic acid failed. Dr. Taylor reports in a letter to Sir James Simpson, about a patient suffering from congestive bronchitis with spitting of blood; if I compare the extremely painful and audible breathing during the last night with the quiet sleep and improved state of the patient to-day, I necessarily come to the conclusion, that chloral exercises a directly quieting influence on all respiratory organs.

The quantity of expectoration in chest diseases will be diminished, and its quality changed; the hard and difficult cough becomes less frequent, the strength of the already weakened patient is saved, and thus his life prolonged. In asthma its efficacy borders on the miraculous. In hard cases, where the nightly paroxysms are very severe, and the suffering patient bent forward, can hardly catch his breath, a dose of chloral given at the right time, prevents the paroxysm and diminishes the spasm when already set in, so that the patient may again lie down and enjoy his night's rest. Neither stramonium, lobelia, nor any other antispasmodic produces such an effect; the colliquative diarrhoea of phthisical patients is also considerably ameliorated by it.-Dr. Ronayne in Medical Press and Circular.

Belladonna. Our allopathic friends use frequently homœopathic remedies without giving credit to the source whence they learn their use. So Mr. Streeter in London publishes a case of enuresis nocturna. A boy 17 years old, suffered for four years from it, and was cured by Tinct. Bellad., 4 drops three times a day. The dose was afterwards reduced to two drops. Mr. de Merie affirms this action of Belladonna as he has cured several cases with extremely small doses of Belladonna.

Bebeerina.-Dr. Merrill uses this remedy in uterine troubles : hyperæmia and morbid hypertrophy of the uterus are frequently cured by it.

Cantharis.-Dr. Reynolds of San Francisco, prefers blisters, one inch wide, to iodine and nitrate of silver, in order to keep erysipela from spreading.

Clinical Observations.

W. S. SEARLE, A. M., M. D., BROOKLYN N. Y., EDITOR.

CEREBRO-SPINAL MENINGITIS.

J. P. SILSBY, M. D., PINCKNEY MICH.

March 24th, Miss A., æt. 17 years, was attacked with severe chill, in the evening of 21st inst. In about an hour the chill was thought to be passing off, but the feet remained cold, and the lower extremities also soon became very cold again. Headache severe. Next A. M. the head felt better, with slight pain in back. She felt at times better and again worse, until noon of to-day, when all her symptoms became rapidly worse. Saw her first about nine this evening and found her with the following sym

toms:

Severe pain in head, extending along the base of brain, from the occiput to forehead; tongue moist and covered with thin light colored fur; it trembled when protruded; pain in back; and, she says darts of pain from the back to the head. She drinks often, but only little at a time. Eyes are slightly injected; has an anxious look, very much resembling the appearance of a typhoid patient, breathes short; the lungs seeming to be imperfectly filled; slight cough; intense pain in umbilical region, which darts to the back. Occasionally feels a sensation of nausea, but is unable to vomit. Pressure along the 2nd, 3rd and 4th lumbar vertebræ, gives intense pain, worse on left side of spine. Bowels constipated; limbs ache and are cold. Scarlet irregular spots, appear on the latter, changing to a bluish color when exposed to the air. Says she feels tired, as if she had been running. Pulse 110 and full. Gave Bromide Potassa 60 grs, in gill water; two teaspoonfuls every half hour for four hours. Gelseminum 30 drops in a glass full of water; a teaspoonful in alternation with the Potassa, every hour after four hours.

March 25th-The patient has slept well during night; pain returning on waking; symptoms but slightly changed.

March 25th-Nine o'clock in the evening, symptoms worse since noon. Terrible pain in abdomen; less pain in head; bowels constipated; voids urine, highly colored, freely; throat sore; spots on limbs less livid; great heat in lumbar vertebræ;