An alternative route from Harrisburg to Philadelphia via Reading. The usual route from Reading to Philadelphia (via Chestnut Hill) is modified at Barren Hill by continuing on the old Ridge Road through Roxborough; the Ridge Road route is modified at Wissahickon by diverging to the East River Drive, Fairmount Park—the most beautiful approach of all to the heart of Philadelphia. The Ridge Road was opened first as an outlet for the limekilns built along the Schuylkill River, and was finally developed for its full length to supplement the Germantown Turnpike. Not to be missed on this route are the Old Lutheran Church at Trappe, the early home of Audubon near Jeffersonville, and the Angel House at Harmonville.

Trappe Lutheran Church, 1743.—The oldest unaltered Lutheran Church in America. Here lies the Rev. Henry Melchior Muhlenberg, and by him his famous preacher-soldier son General John Peter Gabriel Muhlenberg, ever remembered for his celebrated—“There is a time to preach and a time to fight." The interior should not be missed.

Detour to Evansburg.–St. James Episcopal Church, founded in 1700, is one-half mile from the Ridge Road, on the Germantown Pike, down which Washington marched to the Battle of Germantown. In the old graveyard “one hundred heroes lie buried."

Detour to Mill Grove and Fatlands.—Leaving the Ridge Road at Jeffersonville, turn southwest on diagonal road to Audubon. Shrack's corner, fork, 1.2; straight through. At 2.8 turn left; Audubon Inn,

MILL GROVE-EARLY HOME OF AUDUBON ahead on right. Mill Grove Road 3.2, turn right. Mill Grove, the early home of Audubon, 3.6. Re- Fatlands on the Schuylkill.—Built in 1774, this verse to 4.0, turning right. At 4.5 turn left into beautiful mansion was occupied by William BakeFatlands, rebuilt by William Wetherill in 1843. well, one of the sheriffs of London, who “emigrated" Continue on driveway to other entrance 4.8, turn- to the United States in 1804. Here the young nating right. At 5.5 (Audubon Inn) turn right. Ridge uralist Audubon found his wife in Lucy Bakewell, Road at Jeffersonville, 8.4.

the daughter of the house, in days when life as well Home of Audubon.—Mill Grove, built in 1762, as love was filled with romance. The house, which was the early home of John James Audubon, born in looks across the Schuylkill to Valley Forge, was Louisiana in 1780, the son of a French Commodore. built by a Quaker, James Vaux, who was so friendly Here Audubon, according to his own account, used with both sides during the Revolution that one day to hunt in black satin breeches, wear pumps when he had Howe to breakfast and Washington to tea. shooting, and dress in the finest ruffled shirts he The Wetherill family bought the estate in 1825. could obtain from France. Here he began the Montgomery Cemetery.—Here are buried five studies in bird life that ended in what Cuvier called

generais, three colonels, and over one hundred offi"the most magnificent work that art ever sed to cers and soldiers of the Civil War. The mausoleum ornithology.” Audubon sold the house in 1808 to of General Winfield Scott Hancock stands not far from begin his wanderings through the West and the his early boyhood home, seen on the left, before South. In 1813, the property was bought for its lead entering the Cemetery. The monument to Genmines by Samuel Wetherill, founder of the firm of eral John F. Hartranft was erected by the National Samuel Wetherill & Sons, one of the oldest white lead Guard of Pennsylvania. manufacturers in America.

Porter Mansion, Norristown.-Built in 1787 by the Revolutionary soldier General Andrew Porter, one of

whose sons became Governor of Pennsylvania, another B

Governor of Michigan, and a third Secretary of War, under President Tyler.

Norristown.—The Public Park and Court House Square were given to Montgomery County and Norristown in 1786 by the University of Pennsylvania. At the west corner is a monument to David Rittenhouse, whose country home was at Norriton. The Rambo House, formerly the Eagle Tavern, on the west side of Swede Street, has been a public house since 1790.

Detour to Angel House, Harmonville.—The house is 0.4 miles from Ridge Road, on the left. 132 and 136, for illustration and details. From the

old Potts quarry, located behind the Angel House, TRAPPE LUTHERAN CHURCH, 1743

came the stone used in building Independence Hall.

See pp.

Route III-Harrisburg to Philadelphia Route IIIR-Philadelphia to Harrisburg (via Reading and Norristown)

(ria Norristown and Reading) 0.0 Harrisburg. Rear of Capitol, 6th and State 0.0 PHILADELPHIA, City Hall. Go northwest Sts. Reading, Penn and 5th Sts., 53.1;

on the Parkway. town, 70.1; Limerick, 77.1.

0.5 Bear right, around Logan Circle.

1.1 23d St.; curve right around Philadelphia Art 0.0 Limerick.

Museum. 2.8 Trappe. Augustus Lutheran Church, 1743.

1.3 Pennsylvania Ave.; turn left. 4.2 Collegeville. Ursinus College, a pioneer co

1.4 Washington Monument. educational institution, founded 1869.

1.7 Lincoln Monument. Fork; straight through 4.9 Right, with trolley. 5.0 Fork; right then left

on East River Drive. across Perkiomen bridge.

2.9 Grant Monument, right. 5.1 Fork; bear right with trolley.

3.9 Memorial Hall, visible on left, across river. 5.7 (Left for Detour to Evansburg Church).

5.0 Laurel Hill Cemetery, on right. Tomb of 7.5 Eagleville. View into seven counties.

Elisha Kent Kane (on pathway); and 7.7 Eagleville Hotel, right.

grave of Charles Thomson. 8.3 Mt. Kirk. Providence Presbyterian Church, 5.2 Falls of Schuylkill. 1730.

5.8 Fork; bear right. 10.2 Jeffersonville. 4-corners; straight through

6.0 Ridge Road; turn left (Right, under R. R. (Right for Detour to Mill Grove and Fat

bridge, entrance to Wissahickon Glen and lands).

Drive). 11.3 Montgomery Cemetery, entrance.

6.2 Fork; keep right up hill; immediately be11.3 Forrest and Main Sts., Porter Mansion, left.

yond, right, across R. R. tracks. 12.3 Public Park and Court House Square, Norris

6.6 Cross Manayunk Ave.; left, with trolley. town. 12.4 Main and De Kalb Sts.

7.1 Cross Walnut Lane. 13.8 Black Horse Hotel, left.

7.8 Old Three Tuns Inn. 15.8 Harmonville (Right for Detour to the Angel

8.1 Roxborough Country Club, right. House).

8.2 New Roxborough Senior and Junior High 17.8 Fountain Inn Hotel (sic), Barren Hill.

School. 18.0 Marble Tent Monument, showing where 8.5 Old Roxborough Public School, 1846, on left. Lafayette encamped from the 18th to the

8.5 Old Lafayette Hotel. 20th of May, 1778, and locating the encamp- 9.9 Roxborough Reservoir and Filtration Plant, ment of the Indian scouts under his com

on left. mand at the Battle of Germantown.

11.1 Upper limit of Roxborough. 19.6 Roxborough Reservoir and Filtration Plant, on 11.5 Marble Tent Monument. right.

11.7 Fountain Inn Hotel (sic), Barren Hill. 21.0 Old Lafayette Hotel.

13.5 Old Toll House, on left. 21.0 Old Roxborough Public School, 1846, on right. 13.7 Harmonville (Left for Detour to the Angel 21.3 New Roxborough Senior and Junior High

House).
School.

15.7 Black Horse Hotel, right. 21.4 Roxborough Country Club, left.

17.1 Main and De Kalb Streets, Norristown. 21.7 Old Three Tuns Inn. Date-stone: built 1731;

Straight through. re-built 1784; re-modeled 1907.

17.2 Public Park and Court House Square. 22.9 Manayunk Ave. Keep with trolley; crossing 18.2 Forrest and Main Sts. Porter Mansion.

tracks at Wissahickon Station, on left; down 18.2 Montgomery Cemetery, entrance.
steep grade.

19.3 Jeffersonville. 4-corners, straight through. 23.5 Turn right into Fairmount Park (Left, en

Colonial Tavern, 1766 (Left for Detour to trance to Wissahickon Glen and Drive).

Mill Grove and Fatlands). 23.6 Keep left on the East River Drive; enchanting 21.2 Mt. Kirk. Providence Presbyterian Church vistas of river scenery, ending in the archi

Opened by the Swedes and the Indians, long before the days of Penn, the King's Highway to and from Philadelphia through Chester and Wilmington, known once as the Darby Road, and now Woodland Avenue, is the oldest highway in Pennsylvania. The Swedish mansion and blockhouse (1654) at Naamans-on-theDelaware, the Swedish churches at Wilmington (1698) and Kingsessing (1760), the Swedish log cabin on Darby Creek (1698), and the quaint Swedish town of Upland are all stirring places on this highway. Penn's first landing place in Chester (1682), the Chester Court House (1745), and John Bartram's home in the wilderness (1730), are vivid reminders of the English colonial period. Old road houses, like the Blue Bell at Cobb's Creek and the Washington Inn at Chester, recall the days when Washington frequently went over this road to and from Mt. Vernon. Many modern features along the pike witness the progress of recent years.

ment to John Morton commemorates the Signer of the Declaration of Independence who cast the deciding vote that placed Pennsylvania on the side of independence— "the most glorious service that I ever rendered to my country.”

Detour to Caleb Pusey House, Upland.–At Edgmont Ave, and 9th St., Chester (0.0), continue (or turn right) on Edgmont Ave. Pass at 0.2 Alfred O. Deshong Memorial Art Gallery. Cross R. R. tracks 0.3. At 14th St. 0.4, turn left (car barn on left). Crozer Home for Incurables 0.7, left. Keep left at 1.3. Crozer Mill 1.6. Dead end 1.7, turn right, and then left. At 1.9 avoid left-hand road (bridge). At 2.0 Caleb Pusey House (1683), with stone tablet in wall, recording visits of William Penn. Reverse to 2.2, First St., turn right. View up quaint Main St., Upland. Immediately left on Upland Ave. At 2.6 keep right. Fork 3.2, right. Edgmont Ave. 3.5, turn right. At 3.6 straight through on Edgmont Ave. to 9th St., 3.9. Re-set mileage at 9th and Edgmont Ave.

Detour to John Morton's Birthplace, Darby Creek.

-Leave Chester Pike at Lincoln Ave., Moores, 0.0, WASHINGTON INN AND CHESTER COURT HOUSE

turning east. At 0.4 old Swedish log-cabin, built in

1698, birthplace of John Morton. See Route 1. Wilmington's New Civic Centre.—Surrounding a Detour to Bartram's Garden.—Leave Woodland magnificent public square of exceptional beauty are Ave. at 54th St. (on the way to Philadelphia, turning the Court House and City Hall, flanked by the new right) 0.0. Elmwood Ave. 0.3, turn left and immePublic Library (founded in 1788), and faced by the

diately right across bridge to 0.4, John Bartram's Hotel Du Pont, one of the finest hotels in America.

Home and Garden, 1731. See Routes 1 and 5. Adjoining the Library, on Market St. below Ninth, is the museum of the Delaware Historical Society, housed in an old church building, where is preserved the heroic wooden statue of Washington, originally erected in Battery Park, New York, in 1796.

Detour to Old Swedes' Church, Wilmington.—At 11th and King St., 0.0, go south on King St. to 7th St. 0.2, turning left. Church St. 0.7, turn right. At 7th and Church Sts., Old Swedes' Church, built in 1698. Continue to 6th St., 0.8, right. King St. 1.3; right. At 11th and King Sts., 1.6, re-set mileage.

Naamans-on-Delaware.—Beautifully situated at the corner of the Wilmington Pike and Concordville Road is the historic Robinson House, now attractive tea-room. It and the adjoining Swedish Block House were built in 1654 by John Risingh, Swedish Lieutenant-Governor under Governor Printz.

Chester.—The Penn Boulder marks the spot where William Penn first landed in America, October 28-29, 1682. The Chester Court House, built in 1724, is the oldest building in continuous public service in the United States. The Washington House, in daily service since 1747, entertained Washington many times as he traveled to and from Mt. Vernon. The Monu

an

Route IV-Baltimore to Philadelphia Route IVR-Philadelphia to Baltimore (via Wilmington and Chester)

(via Chester and Wilmington) 0.0 Baltimore. Mt. Vernon Place and Charles 0.0 PHILADELPHIA, City Hall, south side. Go Street. Belair, 24.2; Havre de Grace, 41.1;

south on Broad St.
Elkton, Md., 58.1; Newark, Del., 65.3; 0.2 Walnut St.; turn right.
Wilmington, 3-corners; right on Penn- 1.9 34th St.; straight through. On left, Bennett
sylvania Ave., 77.2; right on Delaware

Hall, University of Pennsylvania.
Ave., joining trolley, 77.8; fork at Garfield 2.1 36th St.; turn left.
Monument; turn left onto 11th St., 78.2, 2.2 Woodland Ave.; turn right. Entrance to
11th and King Sts., 78.6.

Woodlands Cemetery.

3.1 54th St. (Left for Detour to Bartram's 0.0 Wilmington, 11th and King Sts. Go north

Garden). east on King St. (Right on King St. for 5.0 On right, Cobb's Creek Boulevard. Blue Detour to Old Swedes' Church).

Bell Tavern, 1766. 0.5 No. 1807 Market St., Tatnall Homestead, 6.0 Darby, 4-corners;

left. 6.1 Left onto on left; dates to 1735.

Chester Pike. 3.7 On left, Bellevue Hall, home of William 7.2 Sharon Hill. 8.0 Glenolden. DuPont.

8.9 Norwood. On right at 9.4, White Horse Inn. 7.1 Claymont. 6.5 Left, estate of John Rascob. 9.5 Lincoln Avenue, Moores (Left for Detour 7.3 Naamans-on-Delaware. At junction of Con

to Birthplace of John Morton). cordville Road, Robinson House (1654), and 11.7 Baldwin Locomotive Works, Eddystone. Swedish Block House (1654).

12.8 9th St. and Morton Ave., Chester; turn 7.8 Cross State line into Pennsylvania.

right. 9.2 On right, Viscose Silk Mills. On left, working- 13.0 Madison St., St. Paul's Church, on left man's Model Village.

(Right for Detour to Upland). 9.9 Right and then left.

13.1 Edgmont Ave. at 9th St.; turn left. 12.4 Penn St.; turn right.

13.2 Fork; turn left onto Welsh St. 12.5 Front and Penn Sts., Chester; Penn Boulder 13.6 East 3rd St.; turn right. Old St. Paul's on left. Reverse on Penn St. to

Church graveyard and Monument to 12.6 3d St.; turn right.

John Morton. 12.9 Welsh St. Morton Monument on right; Old 13.6 Market St.; turn right. Between 4th and St. Paul's on left. Turn left.

5th Sts., passing Chester Court House 13.0 4th St.; turn left, and immediately right on

(1724), and the Washington House (1747). Market St. Between 4th and 5th Sts., 13.7 5th St.; turn left. 14.0 Penn St.; turn left. Chester Court House (1724), on left; 14.3 Front and Penn Sts.; on left, Penn Boulder. Washington Inn (1747), on right. Pass

Reverse on Penn St. to under R. R. bearing right on Edgmont Ave. 14.4 3rd St., turn left. 13.4 9th St.; turn right (For Detour to Caleb

16.7 Dead end; right and immediately left. Pusey House, Upland, continue on Edg

17.6 Viscose Silk Mills, on left. On right, Model mont Ave.).

Village. 13.6 Madison Ave., St. Paul's Church, right.