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"Manage your fortune prudently, and forget not that you must give God an account hereafter, and upon all occasions.

"Remember your father, whose true image, though I can never draw to the life, unless God will grant me that blessing in you; yet, because you were but ten months and ten days old when God took him out of this world, I will, for your advantage, show you him with all truth, and without partiality."-p. 1-4.

In speaking of her mother's death, she mentions a singular anecdote, as stated by the preacher of her funeral sermon, on his own knowledge.

"My mother being sick to death of a fever, three months after I was born, which was the occasion she gave me suck no longer, her friends and servants thought to all outward appearance that she was dead, and so lay almost two days and a night, but Dr. Winston coming to comfort my father, went into my mother's room, and looking earnestly on her face, said she was so handsome, and now looks so lovely, I cannot think she is dead; and suddenly took a lancet out of his pocket, and with it cut the sole of her foot, which bled. Upon this, he immediately caused her to be laid upon the bed again, and to be rubbed, and such means as she came to life, and opening her eyes, saw two of her kinswomen stand by her, my Lady Knollys and my Lady Russell, both with great wide sleeves, as the fashion then was, and said, Did not you promise me fifteen years, and are you come again? which they not understanding persuaded her to keep her spirits quiet in that great weakness wherein she then was; but, some hours after, she desired my father and Dr. Howlsworth might be left alone with her, to whom she said, I will acquaint you, that, during the time of my trance, I was in great quiet, but in a place I could neither distinguish nor describe but the sense of leaving my girl, who is dearer to me than all my children, remained a trouble upon my spirits. Suddenly I saw two by me, clothed in long white garments, and methought I fell down with my face in the dust; and they asked why I was troubled in so great happiness. I replied, O let me have the same grant given to Hezekiah, that I may live fifteen years to see my daughter a woman: to which they answered, It is done: and then, at that instant, I awoke out of my trance; and Dr. Howlsworth did there affirm, that that day she died made just fifteen years from that time."p. 26-28.

The Prince, with whom remained the principal retainers of the Royal family, having fled from the general ruin of the King's fortunes in 1646, embarked for the Isles of Scilly. Fanshawe followed him, and we may judge of the miseries of the humbler ranks, when the hardships of the Court were such as these:

We having put all our present estate into two trunks, and carried them aboard with us in a ship commanded by Sir Nicholas Crispe, whose skill and honesty the master and seamen had no opinion of, my husband was forced to appease their mutiny which his miscarriage caused; and taking out money to pay the seamen, that night following, they broke open one

of our trunks, and took out a bag of £60, and a quantity of gold lace, with our best clothes and linen, with all my combs, gloves, and ribbons, which amounted to near £300 more. The next day, after having been pillaged, and extremely sick and big with child, I was sent on shore almost dead in the Island of Scilly; when we had got to our quarters near the Castle, where the Prince lay, I went immediately to bed, which was so vile, that my footman ever lay in a better, and we had but three in the whole house, which consisted of four rooms, or rather partitions, two low rooms, and two little lofts, with a ladder to go up: in one of these they kept dried fish, which was his trade, and in this my husband's two clerks lay, one there was for my sister, and one for myself, and one amongst the rest of the servants; but, when I waked in the morning, I was so cold I knew not what to do, but the daylight discovered that my bed was near swimming with the sea, which the owner told us afterwards it never did so but at spring tide. With this we were destitute of clothes, and meat and fuel for half the Court to serve them a month was not to be had in the whole island, and truly we begged our daily bread of God, for we thought every meal our last. The Council sent for provisions to France, which served us, but they were bad, and a little of them; then, after three weeks and odd days, we set sail for the Isle of Jersey, where we safely arrived, praised be God, beyond the belief of all the beholders from that island, for the pilot not knowing the way into the harbour, sailed over the rocks, but being spring tide, and by chance high water, God be praised, his Highness and all of us came safe ashore through so great a danger."-p. 58-60.

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Fanshawe returned to England, where he waited on the King, then in confinement. An interesting account is given of the interviews. During his stay at Hampton Court, my husband was with him, to whom he was pleased to talk much of his concerns, and gave him there credentials for Spain, with private instructions, and letters for his service; but God, for our sins, disposed his Majesty's affairs otherwise. I went three times to pay my duty to him, both as I was the daughter of his servant, and wife of his servant. The last time I ever saw him, when I took my leave, I could not refrain weeping: when he had saluted me, I prayed to God to preserve his Majesty with long life and happy years; he stroked me on the cheek, and said,

Child, if God pleaseth it shall be so, but both you and I must submit to God's will, and you know in what hands I am in;' then turning to your father, he said, Be sure, Dick, to tell my son all that I have said, and deliver those letters to my wife; pray God bless her! I hope I shall do well:' and taking him in his arms, said, 'Thou hast ever been an honest man, and I hope God will bless thee, and make thee a happy servant to my son, whom I have charged in my letter to continue his love, and trust to you,' adding, 'I do promise you that if ever I am restored to my dignity, I will bountifully reward you both for your service and sufferings. Thus did we part from that glorious sun, that, within a few months after, was murdered, to the grief of all Christians that were not forsaken by God."-p. 66-68.

Cromwell, whose military name had first put the army into hands whose duplicity lad mastered the parliament, willing enough as it was to be corrupted; whose ambition, pampered by success, had followed the course of events until they placed his king in his power; and whose atrocious cruelty murdered the unhappy monarch-was now pursuing the last adherents of Charles throughout Ireland. Lady Fanshawe's narrative gives a deplorable picture of the sufferings that assail even the tender and the highborn in times of military struggle.

"We remained some time behind in Ireland, until my husband could receive his Majesty's commands how to dispose of himself. During this time, I had, by the fall of a stumbling horse, being with child, broke my left wrist, which, because it was ill-set, put me to great and long pain, and I was in my bed when Cork revolted. By chance, that day my husband was gone on business to Kinsale: it was in the beginning of November, 1650. At midnight, I heard the great guns go off, and thereupon I called up my family to rise, which I did as well as I could in that condition. Hearing lamentable shrieks of men, women, and children, I asked at a window the cause; they told me they were all Irish, stripped and wounded, and turned out of the town, and that Colonel Jeffries with some others, had possessed themselves of the town for Cromwell. Upon this, I immediately wrote a letter to my husband, blessing God's providence that he was not there with me, persuading him to patience and hope that I should get safely out of the town, by God's assistance, and desired him to shift for himself, for fear of a surprise, with promise that I would secure his papers.

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again; but, by little and little, I thank God, we got safe to the garrison, where I found your father the most disconsolate man in the world, for fear of his family, which he had no possibility to assist; but his joys exceeded to see me and his darling daughter, and to hear the wonderful escape we, through the assistance of God, had made."-p. 77–80.

In those days, all the scourges of an undone nation were let loose together. With war came famine, and with famine plague. The garrisons were, of course, nests of disease, until the sword extinguished the malady in blood; the fields were deserts, and the cities lazar-houses. Yet all this was the hourly experience of the British Islands, scarcely more than a century and a half ago. This unhappy family of fugitives, glad to escape with their lives, now bent their course across the desolated country to Galway, the chief port of the west of Ireland. There they found the plague; were received in the house of a merchant, from which nine persons had been taken out dead within a few months, and still escaping, they embarked on board a vessel of Amsterdam for Malaga, the captain being a "most tempestuous master," a Dutchman, which, as the writer pithily observes, "is enough to say;" but, "truly, I think, the greatest beast I ever saw of his kind." On this voyage they still had their hazards, and the incident occurred which has been long quoted to Lady Fanshawe's honour, but which can never be more gracefully told than in her own words.

"When we had just passed the Straits, we saw coming towards us, with full sails, a Turkish galley well manned, and we believed we should be all carried away slaves, for this man had so laden his ship with goods for Spain, that his guns were useless, though the ship carried sixty guns: he called for brandy, and after he had well drunken, and all his men, which were near two hundred, he called for arms, and clear

fight rather than lose his ship, which was worth thirty thousand pounds; this was sad for us passengers, but my husband bid us be sure to keep in the cabin, and not appear, the women, which would make the Turks think that we were a man-of-war, but if they saw women, they would take us for merchants, and board us. He went upon the deck, and took a gun and bandoliers, and sword, and, with the rest of the ship's company, stood upon deck expecting the arrival of the Turkish man-of-war. This beast, the Captain, had locked me up in the cabin: I knocked and called long to no purpose, until, at length, the cabin-boy came and opened the door; I, all in tears, desired him to be so good as to give me his blue thrum cap he wore, and his tarred coat, which he did, and I gave him half-a-crown, and putting them on, and flinging away my night clothes, I crept up softly, and stood upon the deck by my husband's side, as free from sickness and fear, as, I confess, from discretion; but it was the effect of that passion, which I could never master.

"So soon as I had finished my letter, I sent it by a faithful servant, who was let down the garden-wall of Red Abbey, and, sheltered by the darkness of the night, he made his escape. I immediately packed up my husband's cabinet, with all his writings, and near £1000 in golded the deck as well as he could, resolving to and silver, and all other things, both of clothes, linen, and household stuff that were portable, of value; and then, about three o'clock in the morning, by the light of a taper, and in that pain I was in, I went into the market-place, with only a man and maid, and passing through an unruly tumult with their swords in their hands, searched for their chief commander, Jefferies, who, whilst he was loyal, had received many civilities from your father. I told him it was necessary that upon that change I should remove, and I desired his pass that would be obeyed, or else I must remain there: I hoped he would not deny me that kindness. He instantly wrote me a pass, both for myself, family, and goods, and said he would never forget the respect he owed your father. With this, I came through thousands of naked swords to Red Abbey, and hired the next neighbour's cart, which carried all that I could remove: and myself, sister, and little girl Nan, with three maids and two men, set forth at five o'clock in November, having but two horses amongst us all, which we rid on by turns. In this sad condition I left Red Abbey, with as many goods as were worth £100 which could not be removed, and so were plundered. We went ten miles to Kinsale, in perpetual fear of being fetched back Museum.-VOL. XIV.

"By this time, the two vessels were engaged in parley, and so well satisfied with speech and sight of each other's forces, that the Turk's man-of-war tacked about, and we continued our course. But when your father saw it conNo. 84.-3 A

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venient to retreat, looking upon me, he blessed used, and said little more, but that I should be himself, and snatched me up in his arms, say- in some room at Charing-cross, where he had ing, Good God, that love can make this promise from his keeper that he should rest change!' and though he seemingly chid me, there in my company at dinner time: this was he would laugh at it as often as he remember-meant to him as a great favour. I expected ed that voyage; and in the beginning of March we all landed, praised be God, in Malaga, very well, and full of content to see ourselves delivered from the sword and plague, and living in hope that we should one day return happily to our native country; notwithstanding, we thought it great odds, considering how the affairs of the King's three kingdoms stood; but we trusted in the providence of Almighty God, and proceeded.

"We were very kindly entertained by the merchants, and by them lodged in a merchant's house, where we had not been with our goods three days, when the vessel that brought us thither, by the negligence of a cabin-boy, was blown up in the harbour, with the loss of above a hundred men and all our lading."-p. 91-94.

Lady Fanshawe and her husband, after wandering through the south of Spain, where they visited the Alhambra, of whose Moorish magnificence a curious description is given, returned to the north, and embarked at St. Sebastian, to wait on the Queen of England, then in Paris. Their usual calamities pursued them, in the shape of a storm, which drove them about the Bay of Biscay for some days: the Spanish crew, after getting drunk, hiding in the cabin, and giving up the vessel for lost. The wind luckily drove them on the coast of France, instead of sending them out into the Atlantic: they reached Nantz, had a delightful passage up the Loire, and finally rested in Paris, then the centre of all the pomps of royalty.

But when had the attendants on exiled kings a right to their own leisure? Charles the Second adventured his disastrous fortunes once more--was beaten in the battle of Worcester-and Fanshawe, then in his train, was made prisoner, and sent up to London to undergo the fate of a rebel. However, Cromwell was too much a soldier to be cruel when the day was gained; and Fanshawe was merely confined. Lady Fanshawe tells all this admirably, from the touching simplicity of her narrative.

"I went with my brother Fanshawe to Ware Park, and my sister went to Ball's, to my father, both intending to meet in the winter, and so indeed we did with tears; for the 2d of September following was fought the battle of Worcester, when the King being missed, and nothing heard of your father being dead or alive, for three days, it was inexpressible what affliction I was in. I neither eat nor slept, but trembled at every motion I heard, expecting the fatal news, which at last came in their news-book, which mentioned your father a prisoner.

him with impatience, and on the day appointed provided a dinner and room, as ordered, in which I was with my father and some more of our friends, where, about eleven of the clock, we saw hundreds of poor soldiers, both English and Scotch, march all naked on foot, and many with your father, who was very cheerful in appearance, who, after he had spoken and saluted me and his friends there, said, ' Pray let us not lose time, for I know not how little I have to spare; this is the chance of war; nothing venture, nothing have; so let us sit down and be merry whilst we may ;' then taking my hand in his and kissing me,' Cease weeping, no other thing upon earth can move me; remember we are all at God's disposal.'

"Then he began to tell how kind his captain was to him, and the people as he passed offered him money, and brought him good things, and particularly Lady Denham, at Boston-house, who would have given him all the money she had in her house, but he returned her thanks, and told her he had so ill kept his own, that he would not tempt his governor with more, but if she would give him a shirt or two, and some handkerchiefs, he would keep them as long as he could for her sake. She fetched him two smocks of her own, and some handkerchiefs, saying she was ashamed to give him thein, but having none of her son's at home, she desired him to wear them.

"Thus we passed the time until order came to carry him to Whitehall, where, in a little room yet standing in the bowling-green, he was kept prisoner, without the speech of any, so far as they knew, ten weeks, and in expectation of death. They often examined him, and at last he grew so ill in health by the cold and hard marches he had undergone, and being pent up in a room close and small, that the scurvy brought him almost to death's door.

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During the time of his imprisonment, I failed not constantly to go, when the clock struck four in the morning, with a dark lantern in my hand all alone and on foot, from my lodging in Chancery Lane, at my cousin Young's, to Whitehall, in at the entry that went out of King-street into the bowling-green. There I would go under his window and softly call him; he, after the first time excepted, never failed to put his head at the first call; thus we talked together, and sometimes I was so wet with the rain, that it went in at my neck and out at my heels. He directed how I should make my addresses, which I did ever to their general, Cromwell, who had a great respect for your father, and would have bought him off to his service upon any terms.

"Being one day to solicit for my husband's "Then with some hopes I went to London, liberty for a time, he bid me bring the next intending to leave my little girl Nan, the com- day a certificate from a physician that he was panion of my troubles, there, and so find out really ill. Immediately I went to Dr. Batters, my husband wheresoever he was carried; but that was by chance both physician to Cromupon my coming to London, I met a messenger well and to our family, who gave me one very from him with a letter, which advised me of favourable in my husband's behalf. I deliverhis condition, and told me he was very civillyed it at the council chamber, at three of the

clock that afternoon, as he commanded me, and he himself moved, that seeing they could make no use of his imprisonment, whereby to lighten them in their business, that he might have his liberty upon four thousands bail, to take a course of physic, he being dangerously ill. Many spake against it, but most Sir Henry Vane, who said he would be as instrumental for aught he knew, to hang them all that sat there, if ever he had opportunity, but if he had liberty for a time, that he might take the engagement before he went out; upon which Cromwell said, 'I never knew that the engagement was a medicine for the scorbutic.' They, hearing their general say so, thought it obliged him, and so ordered him his liberty upon bail. His eldest brother and sister Bedell, and self, were bound in four thousand pounds; and the latter end of November he came to my lodgings, at my cousin Young's. He there met many of his good friends and kindred, and my joy was inexpressible, and so was poor Nan's, of whom your poor father was very fond. I forgot to tell you, that when your father was taken prisoner of war, he, before they entered the house where he was, burned all his papers, which saved the lives and estastes of many a brave gentleman."-p. 113

-119.

On Cromwell's death, Fanshawe got rid of his bonds, and went to France. But his lady preparing to follow him, was stopped; and she put in practice the following dexterous contrivance, after the failure of an application to her cousin Nevill, one of the "High Court of Justice," at Whitehall.

"I made no reply, but thanked my cousin Henry Nevill, and took my leave. I sat me down in the next room, full sadly to consider what I should do, desiring God to help me in so just a cause as I then was in. I began and thought if I were denied a passage then, they would ever after be more severe on all occasions, and it might be very ill for us both. I was ready to go, if I had a pass, the next tide, and might be there before they could suspect I was gone these thoughts put this invention in my head.

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"At Wallingford House, the office was kept where they gave passes: thither I went in as plain a way and speech as I could devise, leaving my maid at the gate, who was much a finer gentlewoman than myself. With as ill mien and tone as I could express, I told a fellow I found in the office, that I desired a pass for Paris, to go to my husband. 'Woman, what is your husband, and your name?' Sir, said I, with many courtesies, he is a young merchant, and my name is Ann Harrison. 'Well,' said he, it will cost you a crown:' said I, that is a great sum for me, but pray put in a man, my maid and three children; all which he immediately did, telling me a malignant would give him five pounds for such a pass.

"I thanked him kindly, and so went immediately to my lodgings; and with my pen I made the great H of Harrison, two ff, and the rr's, an n, and the i, an s, and the s, an h, and the o, an a, and the n, a w, so completely, that none could find out the change. With all speed I hired a barge, and that night at six

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"About nine o'clock at night I went on board the packet boat, and about eight o'clock in the morning landed safe, God be praised, at Calais. I went to Mr. Booth's, an English merchant, and a very honest man. There I rested two days: but upon the next day he had advice from Dover, that a post was sent to stay me from London, because they had sent for me to my lodgings by a messenger of the court, to know why, and upon what business I went to France. Then I discovered to him my invention of the changing my name, at which, as at their disappointment, we all laughed, and so did your father, and as many as knew the deceit. We hired a wagon-coach, for there is no other at Calais, and began our journey about the beginning of June, 1659.

"Coming one night to Abbeville, the governor sent his lieutenant to me, to let me know my husband was well the week before, that he had seen him at Paris, and had promised him to take care of me in my going through his government, there being much robbery daily committing; that he would advise me to take care of the garrison soldiers, and giving them a pistole a-piece, they would convey me very safely. This he said the governor would have told me himself, but that he was in bed with the gout: I thanked him, and accepted his proffer. The next morning he sent me ten troopers well armed, and when I had gone about four leagues, as we ascended a hill, says some of these, Madam, look out, but fear nothing. They rid all up to a well mounted troop of horse, about fifty or more, which, after some parley, wheeled about into the woods again. When we came upon the hill, I asked how it was possible so many men so well armed should turn, having so few to oppose them? At which they laughed, and said, Madam, we are all of a company, and quarter in this town. The truth is, our pay is short, and we are forced to keep ourselves this way; but we have this rule, that if we in a party guard any company, the rest never molest them, but let them pass free.'

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"1 having passed all danger, as they said, gave them a pistole each man, and so left them and went on my journey, and met my husband at St. Dennis, God be praised!"—p. 129-133. Then came the joyous restoration.

"After staying three weeks at Brussels, we went to Breda, where we heard the happy news of the King's return to England. In the beginning of May we went with all the court to the Hague, where I first saw the Queen of Bohemia, who was exceeding kind to all of us.

"Here the King and all the royal family were entertained at a very great supper by the States; and now business of state took up

much time.

"The King promised my husband he should be one of the secretaries of state, and both the

now Duke of Ormond, and the Lord Chancellor Clarendon, were witnesses of it, yet that false man made the King break his word for his own accommodation, and placed Mr. Norris, a poor country gentleman of about two hundred pounds a-year, a fierce Presbyterian, and one that never saw the King's face: but still promises were made of the reversion to your father.

"Upon the King's restoration, the Duke of York, then made admiral, appointed ships to carry over the company and servants of the King, who were very great. His highness appointed for my husband and his family a third-rate frigate, called the Speedwell; but his Majesty commanded my husband to wait on him in his own ship. We had by the States' order sent on board to the King's most eminent servants, great store of provisions: for our family we had sent on board the Speedwell a tierce of claret, a hogshead of Rhenish wine, six dozen of fowls, a dozen of gammons of bacon, a great basket of bread, and six sheep, two dozen of neat's tongues, and a great box of sweetmeats. Thus taking our leaves of those obliging persons we had conversed with in the Hague, we went on board upon the 23d of May, about two o'clock in the afternoon. The King embarked at four of the clock, upon which we set sail, the shore being covered with people, and shouts from all places of a good voyage, which was seconded with many volleys of shot interchanged: so favourable was the wind, that the ships' wherries went from ship to ship to visit their friends all night long. But who can sufficiently express the joy and gallantry of that voyage, to see so many great ships, the best in the world, to hear the trumpets and all other music, to see near a hundred brave ships sail before the wind with the vast cloths and streamers, the neatness and cleanness of the ships, the strength and jollity of the mariners, the gallantry of the commanders, the vast plenty of all sorts of provisions; but above all, the glorious majesties of the King and his two brothers, were so beyond man's expectation and expression. The sea was calm, the moon shone at full, and the sun suffered not a cloud to hinder his prospect of the best sight, by whose light and the merciful bounty of God he was set safely on shore at Dover, in Kent, upon the 25th of May, 1660.

"So great were the acclamations and numbers of people, that it reached like one street from Dover to Whitehall: we lay that night at Dover, and the next day we went in Sir Arnold Brein's coach towards London, where on Sunday night we came to a house in the Savoy. My niece, Fanshawe, then lay in the Strand, where I stood to see the King's entry with his brothers; surely the most pompous show that ever was, for the hearts of all men in this kingdom moved at his will.

"The next day 1 went with other ladies of the family to congratulate his Majesty's happy arrival, who received me with great grace, and promised me future favours to my husband and self. His Majesty gave my husband his picture, set with small diamonds, when he was a child; it is a great rarity, because there ver was but one."-p. 135-139.

The course of those sufferings and anxious lives was henceforward to run smooth, excepting in the loss of children, of which almost their whole large family perished before maturity. The Spanish embassy fills up the remainder of a volume, the truth of which is more romantic, and its romance more true, than those of any narrative which even the wild and adventurous days of the civil war have yet produced, for the interest and the warning of posterity.

From the Athenæum.

MODERN ORATORY.

THE speeches of our contemporaries, some of them full of talent and information, do not appear to us very admirable; regarded as works of art. They could not, perhaps they ought not, to be so. From the time that reporting legitimised itself by custom, there was an end of speaking solely for the audience, and for the decision of the moment. Speeches were made to be read and not to be heard,-with, however, this important limitation, that, though the effect upon the assembly to whom the speech was addressed became a thing of secondary importance, it was yet necessary so far to consult their taste and patience as to persuade them to listen. Mr. Shiel's attempt at Penenden Heath (made, indeed, under circumstances for which he could not very well be prepared) gives an example how necessary it is to attend to this condition. Except in forensic speaking, with which we are not at present chiefly occupied, a spoken discourse scarcely ever produces any effect in altering the opinions of those to whom it is addressed. This is fatal to senatorial oratory; and it is only wonderful that our Legislature should exhibit so many approximations to good speaking.

We will say a word or two on some of the most celebrated of our modern speakers. Mr. Pitt, with all his pomp of words, had this defect, one of the worst that can belong to an English Member of Parliament, who is addressing a nation, and not merely an assembly: he never in his life said any thing that any man could remember; probably because he never thought any thing memorable. This conduct was imposed upon him by his circumstances; and he was found utterly wanting to the difficulties in which he was placed. In peaceful times, his ambition would undoubtedly have prompted, and his industry and integrity, enabled, him to do good. But, as an orator, his vague and verbose discourses, fluent, indeed, and sounding enough to astonish country gentlemen, and delight his own adherents, yet never presented an image or an argument which any man would have thought worth the trouble of putting on paper. Mr. Fox, the great orator, though not the great statesman, of the period, had certainly more of the negative qualities of a first-rate speaker, and probably more of the positive, than any one of his contemporaries. It is a subject for eternal regret, that his speeches have not been preserved with the same care as those of Demosthenes, though we are far from

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