Proceedings and reports of the Sanitary Commission of the City of Atlanta, Ga., 1876

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H.H. Dickson, 1877 - 196 páginas
 

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Página 150 - ... water, into which a most minute amount of typhoid excreta had been washed from an adjacent and neglected privy. There is no means known of purifying excrement on a large scale except by the roots of growing vegetation, and it does not become us to be positive that even this method can be depended on to disinfect that which carries the specific poison of cholera or of certain parasites. The only proper way to deal with excrement is to carry it as fast and as far away from human dwellings as possible;...
Página 145 - Barking, lie felt persuaded that it must be injurious. He was called upon by the government commission to present facts, and he began to collect them under the impression that the result would be as he and his fellow citizens had supposed. But he has found that death statistics do not at present (after a lapse of two years' exposure) sustain that view. Seventeen per thousand living is the death-rate of Barking. He was surprised at this result. He remembered, moreover, that he had not been especially...
Página 124 - ... drainage of that village. The experience with this work affords so pertinent an illustration of the principles here advanced that it seems worth while to refer to it. The village is large and scattered, has an abundant water supply, is so inclined that during showers its storm waters concentrate rapidly, and has, aside from its regular population, five or six enormous hotels, entertaining, when full, about as many thousand guests. The village brook itself, being mainly supplied by spring water...
Página 160 - The right way to dispose of town sewage is to apply it continuously to land, and it is only by such application that the pollution of rivers can be avoided.
Página 37 - Although these ancient examples of sanitary works were executed when art and science had reached a high degree of excellence, we come to a period in history when both art and science declined, and with them the prosecution of those sanitary works, which were of so beneficial...
Página 97 - ... thrown down it; and it very greatly reduces the quantity of water required by each household. " 7. As regards the application of excrement to the land, the advantages of the earth system are these: the whole agricultural value of the excrement is retained; the resulting manure is in a state in which it can be kept, carried about and applied to crops with facility; there is no need for restricting its use to any particular area, nor for using it at times when, agriculturally, it is worthless;...
Página 96 - The earth-closet, intelligently managed, furnishes a means of disposing of excrement without nuisance and apparently without detriment to health. " (2.) In communities the earth-closet system requires to be managed by the authority of the place, and will pay at least the expenses of its management. " (3.) In the poorer classes of houses, where supervision of any closet arrangements is indispensable, the adoption of the earth system offers special advantages.
Página 97 - As compared with the water-closet the earth-closet has these advantages : — It is cheaper in original cost ; it requires less repair ; it is not injured by frost ; it is not damaged by improper substances being thrown down it ; and it very greatly reduces the quantity of water required by each household.
Página 150 - ... dissolving and oozing more or less rapidly into the surrounding soil, from which it sometimes finds its way into some neighboring well, sometimes rises in gaseous form to poison the air, sometimes lies stored and lurking to infect any dwelling whose cellar may be dug into its ambush-ground with "mysterious" unwholesomeness. If any portion of that which finds its way into drinking water came from a person suffering with typhoid fever, cholera, dysentery, or with certain forms of intestinal worms,...
Página 125 - ... which the law is rigidly enforced, while, on the other hand, community after community is still found living in the most unsanitary condition, and disease and death reign supreme. No effort is made to remedy the state of neglect which may still be found in many undrained or ill-drained places. The Local Authorities are not always imbued with the true spirit of humanity ; money considerations are with them often of greater importance than the question of life and health, and it not unfrequently...

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