FIG. PAGE 25. Ice-striation on the floor and side of a valley 67 26. Buller of Buchan-a caldron-shaped cavity or blow-hole worn out of granite by the sea on the coast of Aberdeenshire 71 27. The Stacks of Duncansby, Caithness, a wave-beaten coast-line 73. 28. Section of submarine plain. 74 29. Storm-beach ponding back a stream and forming a lake; west coast of Sutherlandshire. 77 30. Section of a peat-bog. 82 31. Diatom - earth from floor of Antarctic Ocean, magnified 300 35. Cellular lava with a few of the cells filled up with infiltrated mineral matter (Amygdules) 97 36. Section of a lava-current 98 37. Elongation of cells in direction of flow of a lava-stream. 99 38. Volcanic block ejected during the deposition of strata in water 102 39. Volcanoes on lines of fissure 104 40. Outline of a volcanic neck 106 41. Ground-plan of the structure of the Neck shown in Fig. 40 106 42. Section through the same Neck as in Figs. 40 and 41 107 43. Volcanic dykes rising through the bedded tuff of a crater 109 44. Group of quartz-crystals (Rock-crystal) 118 45. Calcite (Iceland spar), showing its characteristic rhombohedral 53. Piece of hæmatite, showing the nodular external form and the in ternal crystalline structure 129 54. Octahedral crystals of magnetite in chlorite schist. 130 55. Dendritic markings due to arborescent deposit of earthy manganese oxide 131 56. Cavity in a lava, filled with zeolite which has crystallised in long FIG. 60. Calcite in the form of dog-tooth spar PAGE 135 61. Sphærosiderite or Clay-ironstone concretion enclosing portion of 65. Section of a septarian nodule, with coprolite of a fish as a nucleus 141 73. Brecciated structure-volcanic breccia, a rock composed of angular fragments of lava, in a paste of finer volcanic debris 149 74. Conglomerate 150 75. Concretionary forms assumed by Dolomite, Magnesian Limestone, Durham 156 76. Weathered surface of crinoidal limestone 159 77. Group of crystals of felspar, quartz, and mica, from a cavity in the Mourne Mountain granite 164 78. Columnar basalts of the Isle of Staffa, resting upon tuff (to the 83. Cast of a sun-cracked surface preserved in the next succeeding layer of sediment 177 84. Rain-prints on fine mud 178 85. Vertical trees (Sigillaria) in sandstone, Swansea (Logan) 94. Curved strata (anticlinal fold), near St. Abb's Head 191 95. Curved strata (synclinal fold) near Banff 192 96. Anticlines and Synclines 193 FIG. 97. Section of folded and crumpled strata forming the Grosse Windgälle (10,482 feet), Canton Uri, Switzerland, showing crumpled and inverted strata (after Heim) PAGE 193 101. Sections to show the relations of Plications to reversed Faults 196 102. Throw of a Fault 197 103. Ordinary unaltered red sandstone, Keeshorn, Ross-shire 198 104. Sheared red sandstone forming now a micaceous schist, Keeshorn, Ross-shire 198 105. Outline and section of a Boss traversing stratified rocks 202 203 115. A, Fucoid-like impression (Eophyton Linneanum) from Cambrian 119. Cambrian Brachiopod (Lingulella Davisii), natural size 246 120. An Upper Silurian sea-weed (Chondrites versimilis), natural size 249 124. Filled-up Burrows or Trails left by a sea-worm on the bed of the Silurian sea (Lumbricaria antiqua,) 253 203. Helladotherium Duvernoyi-a gigantic animal intermediate in structure between the giraffe and the antelope, Pikermi, Attica. 350 204. Pleistocene or Glacial Shells 356 205. Mammoth, from the skeleton in the Musée Royal, Brussels. 206. Back view of skull of Musk-sheep, Brick-earth, Crayford, Kent 207. Palæolithic Implements 357 357 362 208. Antler of Reindeer found at Bilney Moor, East Dereham, Norfolk 209. Neolithic Implements 364 366 |