so large, must deliver all he possesses, to such as best know the Véda. give ten cows and a bull, or, his stock not being CHAP. XI. 118. THE preceding penances, or that called chándrayana, must be performed for the absolution of all 'twice-born men, who have committed sins of the 'lower or third degree; except those, who have incurred the guilt of an avacírní ; 119. But he, who has become Avacírna, must sa'crifice a black or a one-eyed ass, by way of a meatoffering to NIRRITI, patroness of the south-west, by night, in a place where four ways meet: 120. Let him daily offer to her in fire the fat of 'that ass, and, at the close of the ceremony, let him offer clarified butter, with the holy text Sem and so 'forth, to PAVANA, to INDRA, to VRIHASPATI, and to AGNI, regents of wind, clouds, a planet, and fire. 121. A voluntary effusion, naturally or otherwise, ' of that which may produce a man, by a twice-born youth during the time of his studentship, or before marriage, has been pronounced avacírna, or a violation of the rule prescribed for the first order, by sages, who knew the whole system of duty, and uttered the words of the Véda. 6 122. To the four deities of purification, Ma'ruta, 'INDRA, VRIHASPATI, AGNI, goes all the divine light, which the Véda had imparted, from the student, who commits the foul sin avacírna; 123.' But, CHAP. XI. 123. But, this crime having actually been commit'ted, he must go begging to seven houses, clothed only with the hide of the sacrificed ass, and openly proclaiming his act: 6 6 124. Eating a single meal begged from them, at 'the regular time of the day, that is, in the morning or evening, and bathing each day at the three savanas, he shall be absolved from his guilt at the end of one year. 6 125. HE, who has voluntarily committed any sin, which causes a loss of class, must perform the tormenting penance, thence called sántapana; or the prájápatya, if he offended involuntarily. 126. FOR Sins, which degrade to a mixed class, or exclude from society, the sinner must have recourse to the lunar expiation chándrayana for one 'month to atone for acts which occasion defilement, ' he must swallow nothing for three days but hot barley-gruel. 127. FOR killing intentionally a virtuous man of the military class, the penance must be a fourth part of that ordained for killing a priest; for killing a Vaisya, only an eighth; for killing a Súdra, who had been constant in discharging his duties, a sixteenth part : 128. But, if a Bráhmen kill a Cshatriya without malice, he must, after a full performance of his re ligious 6 6 ligious rites, give the priests one bull together with CHAP. a thousand cows; 129. Or he may perform for three years the penance for slaying a Bráhmen, mortifying his organs ' of sensation and action, letting his hair grow long, and living remote from the town, with the root of 6 a tree for his mansion. 130. If he kill without malice a Vaisya, who had a good moral character, he may perform the same penance for one year, or give the priests a hundred 6 cows and a bull: 131. For six months must he perform this whole penance, if without intention he kill a Súdru; or ' he may give ten white cows and a bull to the priests. 132. If he kill by design a cat, or an ichneumon, the bird chásha, or a frog, a dog, a lizard, an owl, a crow, he must perform the ordinary penance required for the death of a Súdra, that is the chándráyana: 6 or a crow, 133. Or, if he kill one of them undesignedly, he may drink nothing but milk for three days and nights, or each night walk a yojan, or thrice bathe in a river, or silently repeat the text on the divinity of water; that is, if he be disabled by real infirmity from performing the first mentioned penances, he may have recourse to the next in order. 134. A Bráhmen, if he kill a snake, must give to some XI. CHAP. some priest a hoe, or iron-headed stick; if an eu'nuch, a load of rice-straw, and a másha of lead; XI. 135. If a boar, a pot of clarified butter; if the bird tittiri, a dróna of tila-seeds; if a parrot, a 'steer two years old; if the water-bird crauncha, a steer aged three years: 136. If he kill a goose, or a phenicopteros, a heron, or cormorant, a bittern, a peacock, an ape, ' a hawk, or a kite, he must give a cow to some • Bráhmen: 137. If he kill a horse, he must give a mantle; if an elephant, five black bulls; if a goat or a I sheep, one bull; if an ass, a calf one year old: 138. If he kill a carnivorous wild beast, he must give a cow with abundance of milk; if a wild beast not carnivorous, a fine heifer; and a racticà ' of gold, if he slay a camel : 6 139. If he kill a woman of any class caught in adultery, he must give as an expiation, in the direct order of the four classes, a leathern pouch, a bow, a goat, and a sheep. 140. Should a Bráhmen be unable to expiate by gifts the sin of killing a snake and the rest, he 'must atone for his guilt by performing, on each occasion, the penance prajapatya. 141. For the slaughter of a thousand small animals 'which have bones, or for that of boneless animals enow 6 enow to fill a cart, he must perform the chándrayana, CHAP. or common penance for killing a Súdra; 142. But, for killing boned animals, he must also 143. For cutting once without malice trees yielding 144. For killing insects of any sort bred in rice or other grains, or those bred in honey or other fluids, or those bred in fruit or flowers, eating clari'fied butter is a full expiation. 145. If a man cut, wantonly and for no good purpose, such grasses as are cultivated, or such as rise in the forest spontaneously, he must wait on a cow for one day, nourished by milk alone. 146. By these penances may mankind atone for the sin of injuring sentient creatures, whether com'mitted by design or through inadvertence: hear now 'what penances are ordained for eating or drinking 'what ought not to be tasted. 147. HE, who drinks undesignedly any spirit but • that 3 D XI. |