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CHAP.

V.

kinsman, having bathed with his apparel, becomes immediately pure.

79. If, during the ten days, another death or another birth intervene, a Bráhmen remains impure, only 'till those ten days have elapsed.

80. A spiritual teacher being dead, the sages de'clare his pupil impure for three days; but for a day and a night, if the son or wife of the teacher be ' deceased: such is the sacred ordinance.

81. For a reader of the whole Veda, who dwells in the same house, a man is unclean three nights; but for a maternal uncle, a pupil, an officiating priest, and a distant kinsman, only one night winged • with two days.

82.

On the death of a military king, in whose dominion he lives, his impurity lasts while the sun or the stars give light; but it lasts a whole day, on 'the death of a priest, who has not read the whole Véda, or of a spiritual guide, who has read only part of it, with its Angas.

83. A man of the sacerdotal class becomes pure in ten days; of the warlike, in twelve; of the com'mercial, in fifteen ;* of the servile, in a month.

84. Let no man prolong the days of impurity; 'let him not intermit the ceremonies to be performed ' with

*See Note on Book V. verse 83.

with holy fires:

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though he be a

85. He, who

while he performs those rites, even CHAP. sapinda, he is not impure.

has touched a Chandála, a woman

in her courses, an outcast for deadly sin, a new

born child, a corpse, or one who has touched a corpse, is made pure by bathing.

86. If, having sprinkled his mouth with water, and 'been long intent on his devotion, he see an unclean person, let him repeat, as well as he is able, the 'solar texts of the Véda, and those, which confer purity.

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87. Should a Bráhmen touch a human bone moist 'with oil, he is purified by bathing; if it be not oily,

by stroking a cow, or by looking at the sun, having sprinkled his mouth duly with water.

88. A student in theology shall not perform the ceremony of pouring water at obsequies, until he

' have completed his course of religious acts; but if, ' after the completion of them, he thus make an offering of water, he becomes pure in three nights.

89. For those, who discharge not their prescribed duties, for those, whose fathers were of a lower class than their mothers, for those, who wear a 'dress of religion unauthorized by the Veda, and for

those, who illegally kill themselves, the ceremony of

giving funeral water is forbidden by law ;

90. And for women imitating such hereticks, as

wear an unlawful dress, and for such women as live

at

V.

V.

at their own pleasure, or have caused an abortion,

or have stricken their husbands, or have drunk any spirituous liquor.

91. A student violates not the rules of his order, by carrying out, when dead, his own instructor in 'the Védas, who invested him with his holy cord, or his teacher of particular chapters, or his reverend expounder of their meaning, or his father, or his ' mother.

92. Let men carry out a dead Súdra by the southern gate of the town; but the twice-born, in 'due order, by the western, northern, and eastern 6 gates.

93. No taint of impurity can light on kings or 'students in theology, while employed in discharging 'their several duties, nor on those who have actually

begun a sacrifice; for the first are then placed on the seat of INDRA, and the others are always equally pure with the celestial spirit.

94. To a king, on the throne of magnanimity, the law ascribes instant purification, because his throne was raised for the protection of his people and the supply of their nourishment:

95. It is the same with the kinsmen of those, who 'die in battle, after the king has been slain, or have 'been killed by lightning, or legally by the king him'self, or in defence of a cow, or of a priest; and with all those, whom the king wishes to be pure. 96. The

V.

96. The corporeal frame of a king is composed CHAP. ' of particles from SO'MA, AGNI, SU'RYA, PAVANA, INDRA, 'CUVE'RA, VARUNA, and YAMA, the eight guardian • deities of the world:

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97. By those guardians of men in substance is the king pervaded, and he cannot by law be impure; 'since by those tutelar gods are the purity and impurity of mortals both caused and removed.

98. By a soldier, discharging the duties of his class, and slain in the field with brandished weapons, the highest sacrifice is, in that instant, complete; and so is his purification: this law is fixed.

99. A priest, having performed funeral rites, is purified by touching water; a soldier, by touching his horse or elephant, or his arms; a husbandman, by touching his goad, or the halter of his cattle; a servant, by touching his staff.

100. This mode of purifying sapindas, O chief of 'the twice-born, has been fully declared to you! learn now the purification required on the death of kinsmen less intimately connected.

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101. A Bráhmen, having carried out a dead Bráh

men, though not a sapinda, with the affection of a

kinsman, or any of those nearly related to him by his mother, becomes pure in three days;

102. But, if he taste the food offered by their sapindas, he is purified in ten days; and in one day,

CHAP. if he neither partake of their food, nor dwell in

V.

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the same house.

103. If he voluntarily follow a corpse, whether of a paternal kinsman or of another, and afterwards 'bathe with his apparel, he is made pure by touching fire and tasting clarified butter.

104. Let no kinsman, whilst any of his own class are at hand, cause a deceased Bráhmen to be carried ' out by a Súdra; since the funeral rite, polluted by the touch of a servile man, obstructs his passage

'to heaven.

105. Sacred learning, austere devotion, fire, holy aliment, earth, the mind, water, smearing with cow'dung, air, prescribed acts of religion, the sun, and 'time, are purifiers of imbodied spirits;

106. But of all pure things, purity in acquiring wealth, is pronounced the most excellent: since he, 'who gains wealth with clean hands, is truly pure; 'not he, who is purified merely with earth and water. 107. By forgiveness of injuries, the learned are 'purified; by liberality, those who have neglected their duty; by pious meditation, those who have secret 'faults; by devout austerity, those who best know • the Véda.

108. By water and earth is purified what ought to be made pure; a river, by its current; a woman, 'whose thoughts have been impure, by her monthly discharge,