exc. p. 358. See Koch Fl. Germ. 2d. ed. 2. 628. In the alpine region of the White Mountains. 1844. Festuca ovina, var. vivípara Linn. F. vivipara Smith. In the alpine region of the White Mountains, 1843. Luzula arcuata Hook. Fl. Lond. t. 153. Juncus arcuàtus, In the alpine region of the White Mountains. 1843. Senebièra Corónopus Poiret. Torrey & Gray, Flora, 1. 115. 1829. Dràba caroliniàna Walter. Torrey & Gray, 1. 109. Salem, Massachusetts. Pickering. 1824. Stellària uliginosa Murray, Gott. 55. S. aquatica, Pollich. In Chester, New Hampshire. Dr. Robbins, June, 1829. In Block Island. Dr. Robbins. Sept. 1829. Oxalis corniculàta Linn. Fries, Novit. 2d. ed. 136. Block Island, Dr. Robbins. Sept. 1829. Stem strongly pubescent, diffuse, with many procumbent branches at base. Stipules well developed. Root not stoloniferous, apparently annual. There is some confusion among authors with respect to O. corniculata and stricta. According to De Candolle and Torrey, corniculata is perennial, and stricta is annual. According to Linnæus and Fries, the reverse is exactly true of both. Our common American stricta is sometimes troublesome in gardens with its abundant stoloniferous perennial roots. Melilotus leucántha Koch. Torrey & Gray,, 1. 321. Partially naturalized in Rowley and in Shirley, Mass., and in other places in New England. Ammánnia humilis Michr. Torrey & Gray, 1. 480. Danvers, Massachusetts. Dr Nichols. 1818. Saxifraga Virginiénsis Michx. Torrey & Gray, 1. 571. Var. chlorántha. Petals pale green, instead of snow white, as in the common variety. The margins and backs of the petals are also sprinkled with short hairs like those of the rest of the plant, but paler, and not so uniformly glandular. Topsfield, Mass. 1842. Archangélica peregrina Nutt. Torrey & Gray, 1. 622. This species was first found in Salem, by Dr. Pickering, in 1824. I have since found it in many places on the coast of Massachusetts and New Hampshire, and also in the alpine region of the White Mountains. Càrum Càrui Linn. D C. Prod. 4. 115. Naturalized by road sides in many places in Massachusetts and New Hampshire. Lonicera flàva Sims. Torrey & Gray, 2. 6. Monroe, Connecticut. Dr. H. C. Beardslee. 1829. Cynthia virgi'nica Don. Torrey & Gray, 2. 469. In Monroe, Connecticut. Dr. H. C. Beardslee. 1830. Erythræ a spicata Persoon. D C. Prod. 9. 60. Erythræ a Pickeringii Oakes, Hovey's Mag. Vol. 7. p. 179. Soon after this species was published, I obtained specimens of the European E. spicàta, and ascertained by comparison that it was identical with my own. Persoon erroneously states that E. spicata grows in moist meadows in Europe, which induced me to consider it different from our salt marsh plant. Halènia defléxa Griscbach, in Hook. Fl. Bor. 2. 67. Swértia defléxa Smith. S. corniculàta Michx. In Orono, (Indian Old Town,) Maine. 1828. Convolvulus panduràtus Linn. Torrey, Fl. 1. 225. New Milford, Connecticut. Dr. Robbins. 1829. Cuscuta epilinum Weihe. D C. Prod. 9. 452. On flax in fields in Rowley, Massachusetts. 1826. Linària elátine Miller. D C. Prod. 10. 268. Naturalized in Ipswich, Massachusetts. 1825. Mimulus alàtus Solander in Ait. Hort. Kew. DC. Pr. 10, 369. New Haven, Connecticut. Dr. Robbins. 1828. Pediculàris lanceolata Michx. Hook. Bor. 2. 107. P. pállida Pursh. New Haven, Connecticut. 1828. Stachys palustris Linn. Curtis. Fl. Lond. Naturalized in Ipswich and other parts of Essex County, Mass. Exactly the European plant. Stachys arvénsis Linn. Curtis, Fl. Lond. Naturalized abundantly along the road-side from Kittery to York, Maine. Also in Cambridge, Mass. 1818. Scutellària párvula Michx. Benth. Lab. 440. In East Haven, Connecticut. Dr. Robbins. 1828. Amaranthus pumilus Raf. Nutt. Gen. 2. 201. At Gay Head, Martha's Vineyard, Mass. 1829. Salicórnia ambigua Michx. 1. 2. At Gloucester, Mass. Pickering. 1825. At Martha's Vineyard and Plymouth, Mass. Oakes. Poly'gonum glaucum Nutt. Gen. 1. 254. At Martha's Vineyard, Mass. Oakes, 1829. At Block Island. Dr. Robbins. Euphorbia E'sula Linn. Eng. Bot. 20. t. 1399. In Newbury and other towns in Essex County, Mass. A pernicious weed, thoroughly naturalized, and not easily to be exterminated from the places in which it is once introduced. 1828. Liquidambar styraciflua Linn. Michx. f. Arb. 3. t. In Greenwich and Stamford, Conn. Dr. Ives. Dr. Robbins. Arístida grácilis Elliott. Fl. 1. 142. Gray, Gram. & Cyp. 1. 9. At Danvers, Mass. 1819. At New Bedford, T. A. Greene, Esq. At Sandwich, Mass. Arístida tuberculòsa Nutt. Gen. 1. 57. Gray, l. c. 1. 10. At Plum Island, Mass. Oakes. 1829. At Milford & Stratford, Conn. Robbins. 1829. Arístida purpurascens Poiret. Gray, l. c. 1. 8. At Nantucket, Mass. Oakes. 1829. At New Haven & Lyme, Conn. Westfield, Mass. and Block Island. Robbins. 1829. Setària itálica Pal. de B. Torrey, Fl. 1. 153. Uxbridge, Mass. Robbins. Panicum amàrum Elliott. Fl. 1. 121. At Milford, Conn., Robbins, and at Stratford in the same state, Dr. H. C. Beardslee. Tripsacum dactyloides Linn. Gray, Gram. & Cyp. 1. 40. Cénchrus echinàtus Linn. Torrey, Fl. 1. 68. East Windsor, Conn. Robbins. 1829 Festuca fasciculàris Lamarck. Torrey, Fl. 1. 122. Greenwich and Bridgeport, Conn. Dr. H. C. Beardslee. 1829. Block Island. Robbins. Andropogon Virgínicus Linn. Torrey, Fl. 1. 156. Nantucket, T. A. Greene, Esq. In Killingworth, Connecticut, and North Providence, Rhode Island. Robbins. 1829. Andropogon macroùrus Michx. Torrey, Flora. 1. 156. At Nantucket and Martha's Vineyard, Mass. 1829. Cyperus Grayi Torrey. Cyp. 268. In Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts. 1829. Also at Plymouth Beach and Plum Island, Massachusetts. Cyperus erythrorhizos Muhl. Torrey, Cyp. 280 Scirpus O'lneyi Gray, in Boston Journal Nat. History. On the borders of a small brackish pool in Martha's Vineyard, Mass. 1829. Scirpus Robbinsii. Eleocharis Robbinsii Oakes in Hovey's Mag. Vol. 7. 178. In Uxbridge, Mass. Robbins. This species is, as I supposed, found in almost every part of New England. Ipswich, Mass., April, 1847. REVIEWS. ART. I. A Report on the Trees and Shrubs growing naturally in the Forests of Massachusetts. Published, agreeably to an Order of the Legislature, by the Commissioners on the Zoological and Botanical Survey of the State. 1 Vol. Svo. pp. 547. Boston, Dutton and Wentworth, State Printers. 1846. [Concluded from page 185.] THE many fine native woody shrubs, and some of the more delicate forest plants, or the useful medicinal ones, are duly noticed in portions of the Report, with suggestive remarks. In the opinion of Drs. Torrey and Gray, there is no essential difference between our High Cranberry (Viburnum opulus, L.), and the European Guelder Rose, a variety of which latter is propagated by gardeners as the well known snow ball tree. Some other fine species of Viburnum are thus closely related: and, doubtless, experimental sowing of the seed might produce as remarkable results as in the snow ball tree. And while on the improvement of varieties by successive sowing of seed, we are reminded of some very just and valuable remarks of this Report on the subject of the Currant family : "This family includes only one genus, which comprehends the Currants and the Gooseberries. They are either spiny or unarmed shrubs, natives of the mountains, hills, woods and thickets of the temperate regions of America, Europe and Asia, but unknown within the tropics, or in any part of Africa. They are found particularly about mountains. Most of the species produce agreeable, refreshing, subacid fruits. The Black Currant, Ribes nigrum, a native of Siberia and northern Europe, is cultivated for the pleasant tonic and stimulant properties possessed by a jelly made of its ripe fruit. The Red Currant, Riles rubrum, found wild in the mountainous woods of Britain and other northern countries of Europe, and in the northern part of America, and the White, which is a variety produced from this by cultivation, are, in most places, justly valued for their uses in cookery, as a dessert, and as affording a cooling and wholesome drink. The common Gooseberry, R. uva crispa or grossulària, a native of the same regions, but hardly known in gardens on the continent of Europe, while the size and richness of its fruit are the pride of English, especially Lancashire horticulture, is generally but rather unsuccessfully cultivated here for its use in tarts and pies, and sometimes as a dessert. The Missouri Currant, R. aureum, has been introduced on account of the luxuriance of its growth, and the beauty and fragrance of the flowers; and another from California, R. speciòsum, which has been erected into the genus Robsonia, deserves to be introduced."-p. 419. The Round-leaved Gooseberry, (Ribes rotundifolium, L.) "No native gooseberry promises so much as this. The introduced species often refuses to flourish in our gardens, even with careful cultivation. It is not perfectly adapted to our soil and climate. But this native one is ; and, if the art of cultivation can make as great a difference in it as has been made in the wild European gooseberry, the fruit will be the finest of the kind in the world. The cultivated species, on its cold, northern, native mountains, is small, hard, hairy and acerb. Cultivation points at its large, beautiful, firm, sweet, delicious fruit, as the triumph of art. This change has been produced by long and careful culture. What may not be made, by similar efforts, of a fruit perfectly suited to our climate, which, in its natural state, is pronounced delicious! "Found in mountainous and rocky places from Massachusetts to the mountains of North Carolina, and west to beyond the Rocky Mountains."-p. 421. Of fine, wild, native species and varieties of the Raspberries, we are informed that "The wild RED RASPBERRY, R strigòsus, not inferior to the cultivated, and very nearly like it, and the HIGH BLACKBERRY, R. villòsus and R. frondosus, and some varieties of the Low BLACKBERRY, R. Canadensis, of Torrey and Gray, are delicious and wholesome fruits. They differ much in different localities. This circumstance is worthy of consideration with those who mean to attempt to improve these fruits by cultivation. The variety of High Backberry found at Fall River and around Buzzard's Bay, is superior to any that I have tasted, in the vicinity of Boston."-p. 429. We have already alluded to the practical value of the Common Locust tree; beside this, it is an universal, and deservedly so, favorite of all, whether we take into consideration the delicacy of its foliage, or the snowy grace of its pendent blossoms. Of late years, its cultivation has been much checked in consequence of the extensive ravages of the locust borer, an insect of insidious habits, and of destructive tendency. Premiums, we believe, have been repeatedly offered for certain and sure preventives of its fatal evil : |