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221. Holy-Rood. Holyrood Palace. Such murders were not uncommon, even in the presence of the sovereign. Cf. the death of Rizzio, the favorite of Mary Queen of Scots.

235. Guerdon. A fine poetic word for reward.

236. Dispensation. Formal permission from the Pope for the two cousins to marry each other.

242-245. That . . mane. Note antithesis.

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254. Shrouds. Protects. Cf., in Comus, line 147, "run to your shrouds."

260. Votaress. A woman set apart from the world by a solemn

VOW.

Maronnan's cell. A little chapel on the eastern side of Loch Lomond.

270. Bracklinn, A cascade near Callander.

271 Save. Unless.

272. Chafe. Mood of chafe?

274. Claymore. The large sword used by the Gaels. 287-300. Do you think Ellen was prejudiced?

294. Shadowy plaid. To fit his title of "the Black."

306. Tine-man. The unfortunate Archibald, third Earl of Douglas, who was so called because he tined or lost all his battles. 307. What time. At the time when.

308. Hotspur. The famous Percy of Shakespeare's Henry IV. 309. Self-unscabbarded. See Canto I., lines 536 and 537.

819. Beltane game. May-day game. Beltane Bealltain or Beal's fire. Beal is probably Gaelic for sun, though the origin of the word is very obscure. In the Celtic beltane, or May-day, celebration, great bonfires were kindled on the hills.

331-438. Could a hero be introduced in a more stirring manner?

835. Glengyle. A valley at the north end of Loch Katrine.

340. Bannered Pine. The banner bearing the pine as an emblem.

360. Wailed. Meaning?

368. Battered earth. Why called battered ?

392. Burden. Chorus.

405. Bourgeon. Bud.

408. Roderigh Vich Alpine dhu.

"Black Roderick, the de

scendant of Alpine," an epithet belonging to him as the head of the clan.

416. Menteith.

See note to Canto I., 1. 89.

Breadalbane. A district between Lochs Lomond and Tay.

Notice the effect of the dactylic metre of this song. Can you recall any other poem of the same metre? Tennyson's Charge of the Light Brigade is one example.

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419. Glen Fruin. Southwest of Loch Lomond, and overhung by Bannochar Castle. See next line.

420. Slogan. War cry.

421. Glen Luss and Ross-dhu. Valleys near Glen Fruin. 423. Saxon. Lowland.

426. Leven-glen. Towards the Clyde.

431. Rosebud. Who is meant?

465-472. Some . head. Please memorize.

...

476. Weeped. For the rhyme.

497. Percy's Norman pennon. Captured in the foray which led to the battle of Otterburn, in 1388. See ballads of Chevy Chase.

504. Waned crescent. An allusion to the author's friends of the house of Buccleugh. This family was defeated in its efforts to restore James V. to his power.

506. Blantyre. A priory near Bothwell Castle.

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513. Out-beggars all. Makes all seem poor in comparison. 525. Unhooded. With head uncovered for flight.

527. Goddess. Apparently Diana. Is this consistent with lines just preceding?

534-563. Almost a photograph.

548. Ben Lomond.

The highest of the Scottish mountains,

though only 3192 feet.

549. Sob. Panting.

551. Frank. Derivation of word?

574. Glenfinlas. See map.

577. Royal ward. The king was guardian of such noble orphans as were under age.

583. Strath-Endrick. A valley drained by Endrick Water, southeast of Loch Lomond.

606. Glozing. Glossing, or smoothing over, the truth. Cf. Comus, line 161, "well-placed words of glozing courtesy."

615. Vindictive pride. Scott says, "In 1529 James made a convention at Edinburgh for the purpose of considering the best mode of quelling the Border robbers, who, during the license of his minority and the troubles which followed, had committed many exorbitances." With a hastily gathered army of ten thousand men he swept through Ettrick Forest and hanged several leaders. Among them was one, Piers Cockburn, who is said to have prepared a feast for the king's reception.

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623-626. The Meggat flows into the Yarrow, the Yarrow into the Ettrick; the Ettrick and Teviot flow into the Tweed, on whose banks lived Walter Scott.

634. Fate of Border Chivalry. Scott tells us that James strove equally to restrain rapine and feudal oppression in every part of his dominions.

637. Espial. Discovery A poetic word.

638. Streight. Strait, difficulty.

659. Bleeding Heart. The Douglas clan, by metonymy.

678. Links of Forth. Its windings near Stirling. Cf. The Lord of the Isles, VI. xix.

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692. There are who have. An ellipsis.

694. Beetled. Overhung. Cf. "a beetling brow."

702. Battled. Battlemented.

708. Astound. The contracted participle.

713. Explain the details of the sustained figure in this stanza. 718. Hectic. Unhealthfully excited.

731. Level. Aim.

732-787. 'Twas I . . . slanderous tongues. Note the pathos. 747. Nighted. Benighted.

757. Checkered shroud.

His plaid.

773. Minion. (French, mignon.)

Originally a loved one;

later, as here, a servile fawning favorite.

801. Pity 'twere. The Highlander's contempt for any approach to effeminacy.

805. Lackey. Verb.

809. Henchman. A sort of secretary, expected to be ready to give his life for his master. Therefore he used to stand behind his master's seat at drinking-bouts, to resent any offensive speech.

829. On the morn. Modifies "should circle."

831. Fiery Cross. See next Canto.

839. Rolled.

Grammatical construction?

846. Point. Appoint or point out.

Canto I. ended with morning. This one ends with evening and moonlight. Is there any artistic reason?

GENERAL QUESTIONS ON Canto Second

1. What element enters largely into Canto II. that appeared but little in Canto I. ?

2. What will be the difference in the tone of two cantos, one of which is full of nature, the other of human life and emotions?

3. Mention the human passions displayed in Canto II. and prove your list by quotations.

4. Which Canto has the more movement ?

5. What is the effect of minute detail in description?

Show

this in "The return of Clan Alpine"; the description in Canto I. of

the Lodge.

6. What is the spirit of the introduction to Canto II. ?

7. Of each stanza of the boat song?

8. What impression have you now of Malcolm Graeme ?

9. Tell the story of Canto II. in from thirty-five to forty words; of Canto I.

CANTO THIRD

LINE 3. Store. Adj., now obsolete. Cf. I. 548.

4. Happed. Chanced.

9-10. Connection between these two stanzas.

15. What time. Cf. II. 1. 307.

17. Gathering sound.

Sound to call the gathering.

18. The Fiery Cross.

Scott says: "When a chieftain designed

he

to summon his clan, upon any sudden or important emergency, slew a goat, and, making a cross of any light wood, seared the

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