§ 123.]

Connecticut.

§ 122. New Haven Colony, 1638-1662.

275

Summary. John Davenport and Theophilus Eaton, their aims and purposes in emigrating to New England. — 1638, New Haven founded, title to the soil. The "Fundamental Articles." - Form of government of New Haven town and of the "Plantations in Combination therewith.". - Material development of the colony. 1662, New Haven included in Connecticut.

General. - Doyle, Puritan Colonies, I, 190-200; II, 116-125; Bancroft, United States (last revision), I, 271, 272; Hildreth, United States, I, 260-262, 286, 460; Gay, Bryant's Popular History, II, 27-31; Fiske, New England; Palfrey, New England, I, 528-534; Compendious History, I, 225-233, 398, 399; II, 39, 42.

Special. - Atwater, History of New Haven Colony; Lambert, Colony of New Haven; Levermore, New Haven; Trumbull, Connecticut; Leonard Bacon, Historical Discourses; New Haven Colony Historical Society Papers. See also histories of Connecticut enumerated in § 23. Sources. - Colonial Records of New Haven. On the so-called "bluelaws," see Hinman, Blue Laws of New Haven Colony; New Haven Records, II; Trumbull's edition of The True-Blue Laws and False Blue Laws Invented by the Rev. Samuel Peters.

Bibliography. - Winsor, America, III, 371.

§ 123. Northern Settlements, 1620-1660.

Summary. Grants from the Council for New England. Early settlements on the Piscataqua. The founding of Exeter and Hampton. - Settlements in Maine. Relations of these various settlements to Massachusetts.

General. Doyle, Puritan Colonies, I, 201-219; Palfrey, New England, I, 516–527; Compendious History, I, 214–224; Bancroft, United States (last revision), I, 257–262; Hildreth, United States, I, 200, 201, 265, 271; Gay, Bryant's Popular History, II, 419-449; Fiske, New England.

Special. Belknap, New Hampshire; Williamson, Maine; George Folsom, History of Saco and Biddeford; Willis, History of Portland,

Memorial Volume of the Popham Celebration. See also histories of Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont noted in §§ 23, 29.

Sources. - Provincial and Town Papers of New Hampshire; Collections of the New Hampshire Historical Society; Farmer and Moore, Historical Collections of New Hampshire; Documentary History of Maine; the Collections of the historical societies of Maine and Massachusetts, see § 31; York Deeds, I; J. S. Jenness, Transcripts of Original Documents relating to New Hampshire, and the publications of the Gorges Society. See also § 29, under Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont.

§ 124. The New England Confederation.

Summary. Formation of the Confederation. — 1643, The Articles of Confederation. Administration of the Confederation. - Relations with Rhode Island, with the Indians, and with the Dutch and French. Dispute between Massachusetts and Con

necticut. Later history to 1684.

General. — Doyle, Puritan Colonies, I, 220–319; II, 155; Bancroft, United States (last revision), I, 289–310; Gay, Bryant's Popular History, II, 49, 50, 373-387; Hildreth, United States, I, 285-334, 360-412, 448-506.

Special. — Palfrey, New England, I and II; Frothingham, Rise of the Republic; C. C. Smith, in Memorial History of Boston, I, Ch. vii; J. Q. Adams, in Massachusetts Historical Society, Collections, Third Series, IX, 187; Hubbard's Massachusetts, in Massachusetts Historical Society, Collections, Second Series, V-VI, Ch. liii; Barry, Massachusetts.

Sources.

Winthrop, New England; Hutchinson, Massachusetts. The Records of the Commissioners are in Plymouth Colony Records, IX and X, and in Colonial Records of Connecticut. The Articles of Confederation are in the above and in Bradford, New Plymouth Plantation; Brigham's Plymouth Laws; also, with brief extracts from Winthrop, Bradford, and the records, in American History Leaflets, No. 7.

Bibliography.- Frothingham, Rise of the Republic; Winsor, America, III, 354; Winsor, Memorial History of Boston, I, 299.

§ 126.]

New England Confederation.

277

Summary. the Quakers.

§ 125. The Quakers.

A comparison of the ideas of the Puritans and 1656, The first Quakers arrive at Boston. — 165659, Advice of the Commissioners of the United Colonies. Legislation in regard to the Quakers in Massachusetts, New Plymouth, Connecticut, Maryland, and Virginia. - 1659-60, Four Quakers executed in Massachusetts. -1661, Laws against them modified. Treatment of the Quakers in England and in the other colonies. General. Doyle, Puritan Colonies, II, 98-114; Palfrey, New England, II, 461-484; Compendious History, II, 1-20; Bancroft, United States (last revision), I, 528-551; Hildreth, United States, I, 380, 399, 400-408, 472, 473; Gay, Bryant's Popular History, II, 165–199.

Special. Hallowell, Quaker Invasion of Massachusetts; Joel Parker, in Massachusetts Historical Society, Lowell Lectures; G. E. Ellis, in Memorial History of Boston, I; Hutchinson, Massachusetts; C. F. Adams, Three Episodes; Brooks Adams, Emancipation of Massachusetts; Barry, Massachusetts.

Sources. - Massachusetts Colony Records; Plymouth Colony Records; Laws of Plymouth and Massachusetts; Sainsbury, Calendar of State Papers, Colonial, V; Chandler, Criminal Trials; Bishop, New England Judged; Besse, Sufferings of the People called Quakers; Sewel, History of the Friends; John Rous, New England a Degenerate Plant; Janney, History of the Friends; Gough, Quakers; Mather, Magnalia, Pt. II, Ch. iv; Paine's edition of A Call from Death to Life. The Quaker's Petition is reprinted in Library of American Literature, I.

Bibliography. - Winsor, America, III, 358; Winsor, Memorial History of Boston, I, 187.

Summary.

§ 126. King Philip's War.

Causes of the war. -1675, The war begun, 1676, August, Death of Philip. 1675-78, Continuation of the conflict against the Eastern Indians. Results of the war for Massachusetts and New Plymouth.

General. - Doyle, Puritan Colonies, II, 153-188; Bancroft, United States (last revision), I, 382-394; Hildreth, United States, I, 476-491; Gay, Bryant's Popular History, II, 401–418.

Special. Palfrey, New England, III, Chs. iv and v; Barry, Massachusetts; E. E. Hale, in Memorial History of Boston, I, Ch. ix.

Sources. Hubbard, Narrative of the Troubles with the Indians; Drake's edition of Increase Mather's Brief History; and Henry M. Dexter's edition of Church's Entertaining Passages, I; Fisher's translation of a Report of a French Protestant Refugee in Boston, 1689.

Bibliography. Winsor, America, III, 360, and Mr. Winsor's "Note" in his Memorial History of Boston, I, 367.

§ 127. The Overthrow of the Massachusetts Charter.

Summary. Early attempts to annul the charter. Relations of the colony to England during the Puritan Rebellion. — Relations with the government of the Restoration. The Regicides in New England. - 1664, The Royal Commissioners in New England. — 1676, Edward Randolph. — 1684, The charter vacated.

General. Doyle, Puritan Colonies, II, 190-228; Bancroft, United States (last revision), I, 395–407; Hildreth, United States, I, 489, 502504; Gay, Bryant's Popular History, II, 373-387.

Special. - Charles Deane, in Winsor, Memorial History of Boston, I, Ch. x; Palfrey, New England, III, Chs. iii, vii, viii, ix; Hutchinson, Massachusetts, I, Ch. ii; Barry, Massachusetts.

Sources. - Documents in supplementary volume of Hutchinson's Massachusetts; Massachusetts Colonial Records, IV; Sainsbury, Calendar of State Papers, Colonial, V; Randolph's Report of 1676 is reprinted in Perry's Historical Collection of the American Church, Massachusetts. Bibliography. - Winsor, America, III, 362; Winsor, Memorial History of Boston, I, 352.

Summary.

128. The Tyranny of Andros.

1685, Joseph Dudley appointed president. — 1686, December, Andros governor-general of the Dominion of New England. His powers, instructions, and policy with regard to land titles, the assessment and collection of taxes, and local government. Andros in Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New York. -1688, Andros's government extended to include New York.

§ 129.]

New England.

279

1689, The "Revolution" in New England, Andros deposed. The provisional government. 1691, The Province Charter.

General. - Doyle, Puritan Colonies, II, 230-276; Bancroft, United States (last revision), I, 590-607; II, 49, 50, 54, 55, 57, 61; Gay, Bryant's Popular History, II, 387-400; Hildreth, United States, II, 105-122, 142– 144.

Special. — Palfrey, New England, III, Chs. xii, xiii, and xiv; William H. Whitmore, in Winsor, Memorial History of Boston, II, Ch. i, and Introduction to the Andros Tracts; Barry, Massachusetts; J. R. Brodhead, Address before the New York Historical Society, 1866.

Sources. Hutchinson, Massachusetts, I, Ch. iii; The Andros Tracts, in Prince Society, Publications, especially Edward Rawson and Samuel Sewall, The Revolution in New England Justified, and the People thus Vindicated (1691), also reprinted in Library of American Literature, IV 9; Byfield, An Account of the Late Revolution, also reprinted in Force, Tracts, IV, and Library of American Literature, II, 723; "S. E.," Further Quaries upon the State of the New English Affairs; A. B.," An Account of the Late Revolutions in New England. The Province Charter is in Charters and Constitutions, I, 942-954.

Bibliography. Winsor, America, III, 362.

§ 129. The Witchcraft Delusion.

Summary. General belief in witchcraft throughout the world. Early cases in New England. 1691-93, The special court, trials and executions. - 1696, Sewall's acknowledgment of error. The psychological explanation of the belief in witchcraft.

General. Doyle, Puritan Colonies, II, 101, 298-311; Bancroft, United States (last revision), II, 51, 58–66; Hildreth, United States, II, 145-167; Gay, Bryant's Popular History, II, 450-471; W. F. Poole, in Winsor, Memorial History of Boston, II, Ch. vi; Lowell, Among my Books.

Special. Upham, Lecture on Salem Witchcraft; J. S. Pike, The New Puritan; Hutchinson, Massachusetts, II, 12-66; Palfrey, New England; Ellis, The Puritan Age, 556; Drake, Annals of Witchcraft; Barry, Massachusetts; Wendell, Cotton Mather, and a paper in the Historical Collections of the Essex Institute, XXIX; Encyclopædia Britannica, ninth edition, article on Witchcraft.