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of certain differential co-efficients to decimals, which is taken entirely from Vega's Mathematical tables. In the eighth are various formula relating to doctrines of Equations, series, fluxions, fluents, &c. &c. The ninth gives us the various weights and measures of different nations, with all their reductions and comparisons with those of the English. In the tenth is an accurate account of the specific gravity of most of the substances in nature with which we are acquainted.

Of so laborious and useful a work it is scarcely possible to speak in terms of sufficient commendation. Mr. Barlow has freely pointed out the sources from which many parts of the volume are derived, and has acquainted us with the principles of his calculations in those portions which are more properly his own. But whether copied or original the publication will prove of the highest utility, and we trust that the sale of it will in some measure compensate for the immense pains which must have been expended in the collection, calculation, and correction of so much importaut matter.

ART. XVIII. Letters from Albion to a Friend on the Continent. 2 vols. 12mo. 14s. Gale, Curtis and Fenner. 1814.

These letters are supposed to be written from a person residing in England to his friend on the Continent during 1810, and the three following years. They contain rapid sketches of the most remarkable scenery both of England and Scotland, and general descriptions of the principal cities and towns. Though the remarks are neither new nor recondite, they are sufficiently amusing to enliven a tedious hour: and these two little volumes will prove very pretty post chaise companions to one who is travelling for pleasure in a summer excursion.

The following description of the iron works of Lemingtou will give the reader a fair idea of the whole.

"Four miles from Newcastle, on the north side of the Tyne, are situated the iron-works of Lemington, where the ore is melted, cast into pigs, and the iron worked into any shape wanted. You should only see the enormous bellows, with an orifice like the largest cannon's, roaring its breath into a glowing furnace where the ore is brought to fusion, and then moulded into pigs. This is an image of hell, as St. Augustine represents it, and I assure you not without cause.

"A second partition contains ovens and crucibles for melting smaller quantities of metal and casting them into any form ordered. A third is provided with similar ovens, which blaze with eternal fires. It has besides an enormous anvil, which is worked by a steam-engine, as the grand bellows and all the other machines are,

where

where immense lumps of iron, as red-hot as they come from the ́furnace, are hammered and beaten into any shape required. There are also two round machines of cast-iron, ever revolving on their axis like a turner's wheel, but in a horizontal position, where iron bars and rods of any size are made. This is effected by thrusting the shapeless red-hot mass between the largest aperture of the wheels, which squeeze and lengthen it to such a degree as to be passed through the second, and gradually third, fourth, and fifth aperture, according to the thickness desired.

"The furnaces are heated with coke, made from coal-dust, which is raked asunder when baked together.

"The director of these works told me that their iron, in spite of all contrivances, cannot acquire the ductility of the Swedish, on account of the want of charcoal, which contains a greater quantity of carbonic acid, productive of that property so much esteemed in iron,"

We must remark, however, that the information conveyed in these letters, is often spoilt by a pert vulgarity both of observation and style, which we are sorry to see extended in some instances towards principle also, as in the remarks on the opposition made to Mr. Lancaster's system of education.

ART. XIX. A Gazetteer of the most remarkable Places in the World, &c. &c. By Thomas Bourn. 8vo. 965 pp. 18s. bound. Mawman. 1815.

We are pleased to find that this useful publication has arrived at a second edition. It is not a dry list of names only, but it reminds the reader of the principal events which have happened in the several places, and of the distinguished cha racters to which they have given birth. It is also particularly useful, as it refers the reader for further information to other and larger works, which in a publication of this kind has hitherto been unusual. A useful table of longitude and latitude is added in the Appendix.

ART. XX. Classical English Letter Writer, or Epistolary Selections. 12mo. 362 pp. 4s. 6d. Longman. 1815.

This is not conducted upon the plan of the ancient ready letter-writers, containing blank forms for letters of condolence, respect, love, &c. with blanks for the names of the personages concerned; but it is a publication containing, in a cheap and useful form, the letters of our most celebrated English classics, upon various occasions. The names of Gray, Swift, Pope, Warburton, Johnson, D. Home, Lord Chatham, Sir W.

Temple

Temple, are sufficient to recommend any publication of this nature. We are happy to say that the arrangement is good, and the selection unexceptionable, nor is there scarcely one letter in this numerous collection which we could wish to see omitted, as either vitiating the taste, or undermining the principles of youth. The volume therefore meets with our decided approbation.

ART. XXI. The Miscellaneous Papers of John Smeaton, Civil Engineer, &c. F.R.S. Comprising his Communications to the Royal Society. Printed in the Philosophical Transactions: forming a Fourth Volume to his Reports. Il. lustrated with Plates. 4to. 208 pp. Longman. 1814.

The papers here collected together include the whole of Mr. Smeaton's communications to the Royal Society. The philosopher, the builder, and the mechanist will hail this work as a most curious and interesting publication. Mr. Smeaton is a man whose name and reputation stand most deservedly high in the annals of science; and this volume will in no small degree add to his fame. There is an admirable paper upon overshot wheels, from which we shall give the following extract:

In the former part of this essay, we have considered the impulse of a confined stream, acting on Undershot Wheels. We now-proceed to examine the power and application of water, when acting by its gravity on Overshot Wheels.

In reasoning without experiment, one might be led to imagine, that however different the mode of application is, yet, that when. ever the same quantity of water descends through the same perpendicular space, that the natural effective power would be equal; supposing the machinery free from friction, equally calculated to receive the full effect of the power, and to make the most of it: for if we suppose the height of a column of water to be 30 inches, and resting upon a base or aperture of one inch square, every cubic inch of water that departs therefrom will acquire the same velocity, or momentum, from the uniform pressure of 30 cubic inches above it, that one cubic inch let fall from the top will acquire in falling down to the level of the aperture; viz. such a velocity as, in a contrary direction, would carry it to the level from whence it fell *; one would therefore suppose, that a cubic inch of water, let fall through a space of 30 inches, and there impinging upon another body, would be be capable of producing an equal effect by collision, as if

"This a consequence of the rising of jets to the height of their reservoirs nearly."

the

with a

the same cubic inch had descended through the same space slower motion, and produced its effects gradually: for in both cases gravity acts upon an equal quantity of matter, through an equal space *; and consequently, that whatever was the ratio between the power and effect in undershot wheels, the same would obtain in overshot, and indeed in all others: yet, however conclusive this reasoning may seem, it will appear, in the course of the following deduc tions, that the effect of the gravity of descending bodies is very different from the effect of a stroke of such as are non elastic, though generated by an equal mechanical power." P. 44.

MONTHLY LIST OF PUBLICATIONS.

DIVINITY.

Challenge to Unitarians on the Baptismal Text in St. Matthew. 1d.

The Theological, Biblical, and Ecclesiastical Dictionary; serving as a general Note-Book to all Passages, Names, and Facts, connected with the Old and New. Testament, and with Ecclesiastical History, &c. By John Robinson, D.D. late of Christ's College, Cambridge, &c. 8vo. 11. 8s.

A Memorial of Instruction and Devotion to the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper. By the Rev. John Hewlett, B.D. Morning Preacher at the Foundling. Svo. 53.

Sermons on the most important Doctrines of the Gospel. By the Rev. JohnThornton. 12mo. 4s,

An Essay on the Doctrine of the Trinity: attempting to prove it by Reason and Demonstration: founded upon Duration and Space, and upon some of the. Divine Perfections, some of the Powers of the Human Soul, the language of Scripture, and Tradition among all Nations. By the Rev. James Kidd, A.M.. Minister of the Chapel of Ease, Gilcomston, and Professor of Oriental Lauguages in the Marischal College and University, Aberdeen. 8vo. 12s.

A Series of Questions upon the Bible, for the Use of Families and Young Persons: originally composed for Sunday Schools. By the Rev. Edward Stan ley, M.A. Rector of Alderley, Cheshire. 12100. 3s. 6d.

The State of Religion in the Country considered, as it regards the Character of the Clergy. A Sermon preached at the Visitation of the Archdeacon of Rochester, in the Parish Church of Dartford, on Tuesday, May 9, 1813. By the Rev. G. Mathew, A.M. 2s.

The Treachery of Judas, and the Failings of the other Apostles consistent with the Divine Mission of Jesus Christ. The Norrisian Prize Essay for 1815. By James W. Bellamy, B.A. of Queen's College. 35.

* "Gravity, it is true, acts a longer space of time upon the body that descends slowly than upon that which falls quickly; but this cannot occasion the difference in the effect: for an elastic body falling through the same space in the same time, will, by collision upon another elastic body, rebound nearly to the height from which it fell or, by communicating its motion, cause an equal one to ascend to the same height."

The

The Challenge Answered; or, the Baptismal Commission in St. Matthew's Gospel proved to be the Genuine Words of Christ, and an Authentic Evidence of the Doctrine of the Holy Trinity. By the Bishop of St. David's.

The Duty of the Present Crisis! a Sermon. By the Rev. **** *******, Rector of ********, Sussex.

15.

A Charge to the Clergy of the Archdeaconry of London, at the Primary Visi tation, May 12, 1815. By Joseph Holden Pott, M.A. Archdeacon of London, and Vicar of St. Martin's in the Fields. 2s.

Sacred Sketches from Scripture History; containing Belshazzar's impious Feast, Jephtha, the Translation of Elijah, and other Poems. By Mrs. Henry Rolls. Crown 8vo. 6s. boards.

Ten Plain Parochial Sermons on the Doctrines and Dispositions of Christians. By the Rev. W. L. Bowles.

MEDICAL.

The Morbid Anatomy of the Liver; being an Inquiry into the Anatomical Character, Symptoms, and Treatment of certain Diseases which impair or destroy the structure of that Vi-cus. Order I. Tumours. Part II. On the Varieties of Tubera Diffusa. 4to. 15s.

The History of the Small Pox. lege of Surgeons of London, &c.

By James Moore, Member of the Royal Col 8vo.

12s.

Medical and Surgical Remarks, including a Description of a simple and effective Method of removing Polypi from the Uterus, Tousils from the Throat, &c. By Edward Grainger, Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, and Surgeon to the Dispensary at Birmingham. Svo. 9s.

Reflections on Fever: intended to point out the Principles upon which a syste matic and useful method of Treatment might be established. By Robert Calvert, M.D. of the Royal College of Physicians, London, Physician to the Forces, &c. 8vo. 4s.

Observations проп the Bulam Fever. The Disease which has of late years prevailed in the West Indies, on the coast of America, at Gibraltar, Cadiz, and other parts of Spain, with a Collection of Facts proving it to be a Contagious Disease. By William Pym, Esq. Deputy Inspector of Hospitals, &c. &e. 8vo. 12s.

A View of the Relations of the Nervous System in Health and in Disease: containing Selections from the Dissertation to which was adjudged the Jacksonian Prize for the year 1813, with additional Illustrations and Remarks. By Daniel Pring, Member of the Royal College of Surgeons, London, and Surgeon at Bath. 8vo. 7s.

HISTORY.

Letters from France, written by a Modern Tourist in that Country; and descriptive of some of the most amusing Manners and Customs of the French. With Characteristic Illustrations, from Drawings taken on the Spot by M. S. 4s.

Letters from Portugal, Spain, and France, written during the Campaigns of 1812-13-14, addressed to a Friend in England; describing the leading features of the Provinces passed through, and the State of Society, Manners, Habits, &c. of the People. By S. D. Broughton. 8vo. 12s.

Recollections of Italy, England, and America. By M. de Chateaubriand. 2 vols. 8vo. 18s.

BIOGRAPHY.

Memoirs of the Abbé Edgeworth, containing his Narrative of the last hours of Louis XVI. By C. Sneyd Edgeworth. 7s.

The Biographical Dictionary, Vol. XXII. Edited by Alexander Chalmers,

F.S.A. 8vo. 12s.

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