scouts watching the place, the body will rarely be found. According to these Africans, the smallest wound proves eventually fatal: the water enters it, and the animal cannot leave the stream to feed. The people of Mafijah secure him, I am told, by planting a sharp gag upright in his jaws opened wide for attack. The same tale is told concerning the natives of Kabylie and their lions. The cow is timid unless driven beyond endurance, or her calf be wounded. The bulls are more pugnacious, especially the black old rogues who, separating from the herd, live in solitary dudgeon. By such a one the great King Irenes probably met his death, and the Abyssinians still lose many a life. Captain Owen's officers, when ascending streams, saw their boats torn by behemoth's hard tusks; and in the Pangany, one "Sultan Momba," a tyrant thus dubbed by the Belochies in honour of their friend the Kohoday chief, delighted to upset canoes, and was once guilty of breaking a man's leg.

Behold us now, O brother in St Hubert, dropping down the stream in a "monoxyle," some forty feet long, at early dawn when wild beasts are tamest. The jemadar and his brother, cloaked in scarlet, and armed with their slow matchlocks, sit on the stern; the polers, directed by our new woodman, Seedy Bombay, occupy the centre, and we take our station in the bows. Our battery consists of a shot gun for experiments, a Colt's rifle, and two" sinashers," each carrying a fourounce ball of hardened lead. As we approach the herds, whose crests, flanked with small pointed ears, dot the mirrory surface, our boatmen indulge in such vituperations as "Mana marira!" O big belly!-and "Hanamkia!" O tailless one! In angry curiosity the brutes raise their heads, and expose their arched necks, shiny with trickling rills. My companion, a man of speculative turn, experiments upon the nearest optics with two barrels of grape and B. shot. The eyes, however, are oblique, the charge scatters, and the brute, unhurt, slips down like a seal. This will make the herd wary. Vexed by the poor result of our trial, we pole up the rippling and swirling surface,

that proves the enemy to be swimming under water towards the further end of the pool. After a weary time he must rise an 1 breathe. Our guns are at our shoulders. As the smooth water undulates, swells, and breaches a way for the large black head, eight ounces of lead fly in the right direction. There is a splash-a struggle; the surface foams, and behemoth, with mouth bleeding like a gutterspout, rears, and plunges above the stream. Wounded near the cerebellum, he cannot swim straight. The Belochies are excited; Bombay punches on the boatmen, who complain that a dollar a-day does not justify their facing death. As the game rises, matchlocks bang. Presently the jemadar, wasting three balls—a serious consideration with your Oriental

We

retires from the field, as we knew he would, recommending the hippopotamus to us. At last a coup de grace speeds through the ear; the brute sinks, gore dyes the surface purple, and bright bubbles seethe up from the bottom. Hippo is dead. We wait patiently for his reappearance, but he appears not. At length, by peculiar good luck, Bombay's sharp eye detects an object some hundred yards down stream. make for it, and find our bag brought up in a shallow by a spit of sand, and already in process of being ogled by a large fish-hawk. The hawk suffers the penalty of impudence. We tow our defunct to the bank, and deliver it to certain savages, whose mouths water with the prospect of hippopotamus beef. At sundown they will bring to us the tusks and head picked clean, as a whistle is said to be.

accom

The herd will no longer rise; they fear this hulking craft; we must try some "artful dodge." S panied by Bombay, who strips to paddle in token of hot work expected, enters into a small canoe, ties fast his shooting-tackle in case of an upset, and, whilst I occupy one end of the house, makes for the other. Whenever a head appears an inch above water, a heavy bullet "puds" into or near it; crimson patches adorn the stream; some die and disappear, others plunge in crippled state, and others, disabled from diving by holes drilled through their noses, splash and scurry

about with curious snorts, caused by breath passing through the wounds. At last S ventures upon another experiment. An infant hippo, with an imprudence pardonable at his years, uprears his crest; off flies the crown of the kid's head. The bereaved mother rises for a moment, viciously regards my companion, who is meekly loading; snorts a parent's curse, and dives as the cap is being adjusted. Presently a bump, a shock, and a heave, send the little canoe's bows high in the air. Bombay, describing a small parabola in frog-shape, lands upon the enraged brute's back. S steadies himself in the stern, and as the assailant, with broad dorsum hunched up, and hogged like an angry cat, advances for another bout, he rises and sends a bullet through her side. Bombay scrambles in, and, nothing daunted, paddles towards the quarry, of which nothing is visible but a long waving line of gore. With a harpoon we might have secured her; now she will feed the alligators or the savages.*

Our most successful plan, however, is to come. The Belochies have ceased firing, confessing their matchlocks to be "no good;" but they still take great interest in the sport, as Easterns will when they see work being done. They force the boatmen to obey us. S- lands with the black woodman, carrying both "smashers." He gropes painfully through Mangrove thicket, where parasitical oysters wound the legs with their sharp edges, and the shaking bog admits a man to his knees. After a time, reaching a clear spot, he takes up position behind a bush impending the deepest water, and signals me to drive up the herd. In pursuit of them I see a hole bursting in the stream, and a huge black head rises with a snort and a spirt. "Momba! Momba! shout the Belochies, yet the old rogue disdains flight. A cone from the Colt strikes him full in front of the ear; his brain is pierced; he rises high, falls with a crash upon the wave, and all that flesh cannot keep in a little life."

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Momba has for ever disappeared from the home of hippopotamus; never shall he break nigger's leg again. Meanwhile the herd, who, rubbing their backs against the great canoe, had retired to the other end of the pool, hearing an unusual noise, rise, as is their wont, to gratify a silly curiosity. My companion has two splendid standing shots, and the splashing and circling in the stream below tell the accuracy of his aim.

We soon learned the lesson that these cold-blooded animals may be killed with a pistol-ball, if hit in brain or heart; otherwise they carry away as much lead as elephants. At about ten A.M. we had slain six, besides wounding I know not how many of the animals. They might be netted, but the operation would not pay in a pecuniary sense: the ivory of small teeth, under 4 lb. each, is worth little. Being perpetually popgunned by the Belochies, they are exceedingly shy, and after an excess of bullying they shift quarters. We returned but once to this sport, finding the massacre monotonous, and such cynegetics about as exciting as partridge-shooting.

That partie concluded with a bathe in the Pangany, which here has natural "bowers for dancing and disport," fit for Diana and her train. About a dwarf creek, trees cluster on three sides of a square, regularly as if planted; and rope-like creepers bind together the supporting stems, and hang a curtain to the canopy of impervious sylvan shade. Our consumptive jemadar suffered severely from the sun; he still, however, showed some ardour for sport. “A mixture of a lie," says Bacon bluntly, "doth ever add to pleasure." We could not but be amused by the small man's grandiloquent romancing. A hero and a Rustam, he had slain his dozens; men quaked to hear his name: his sword never fell upon a body without cutting it in twain; and, 'faith, had he wielded it as he did the tongue, the weapon would indeed have been deadly. He had told us at Pangany all manner of Cathaian tales concerning the chase

at Chogway; and his friend, an old Mzegura woodman, had promised us elephants, wild buffaloes, and giraffes. When we pressed the point as a trial, the guide shirked his son was absent, war raged in the clan, his family wanted provisions; he would ever come on the morrow. This convinced us that the tale of game in the dry season was apochryphal. Chogway then offered few attractions. On Thursday, the 26th of February, we left "the Bazar." My companion walked to Pangany, making a routesurvey, whilst I accompanied the jemadar and his tail in our large

canoe.

For two days after returning to the coast we abstained from exercise. On the 3d we walked out several miles, in the hottest of suns, to explore a cavern, of which the natives, who came upon it when clearing out a well, had circulated the most exaggerated accounts. Captain S already complained of his last night's labour-an hour with the sextant upon damp sand, in the chilly dew. This walk finished the work. On entering the house, we found the Portuguese lad, who had accompanied us to Fuga, in a high fever. S- was prostrated a few hours afterwards, and next day I followed their example.

As a rule, the traveller in these lands should avoid exposure and fatigue, beyond a certain point, to the very best of his ability. You might as well practise sitting upon a coalfire as inuring yourself (which green men have attempted) to the climate. Dr B., a Polish divine, who had taken to travelling at the end of a sedentary life, would learn to walk bare-headed in the Zanzibar sun: the result was a sun-stroke. Others have paced barefooted upon an exposed terrace, with little consequence but ulceration and temporary lameness. The most successful in resisting the climate are they who tempt it least; and the best training for a long hungry march is repose with good living. Man has then stamina to work upon; he may exist, like the camel, upon his own fat. Those who fine themselves down by exercise and abstinence before the march, commit the error of beginning where they ought to end.

Our attacks commenced with general languor and heaviness, a lassitude in the limbs, a weight in the head, nausea, a frigid sensation creeping up the extremities, and dull pains in the shoulders. Then came a mild cold fit, succeeded by a splitting headache, flushed face, full veins, vomiting, and an inability to stand upright. Like "General Tazo" of Madagascar, this fever is a malignant bilious-remittent. The eyes become hot, heavy, and painful when turned upwards; the skin is dry and burning, the pulse full and frequent, and the tongue furred; appetite is wholly wanting (for a whole week I ate nothing), but a perpetual craving thirst afflicts the patient, and nothing that he drinks will remain upon his stomach. During the day extreme weakness causes anxiety and depression; the nights are worse, for by want of sleep the restlessness is aggravated. Delirium is common in the nervous and bilious temperament, and if the lancet be used, certain death ensues; the action of the heart cannot be restored. The exacerbations are slightly but distinctly marked (in my own case they recurred regularly between two and three, A.M. and P.M.), and the intervals are closely watched for administering quinine, after due preparation. This drug, however, has killed many, especially Frenchmen, who, by overdosing at a wrong time, died of apoplexy. Whilst the Persians were at Zanzibar, they besieged Colonel Hamerton's door, begging him to administer Warburg's drops, which are said to have a wonderful effect in malignant chronic cases. When the disease intends to end fatally, the symptoms are aggravated; the mind wanders, the body loses all power, and after, perhaps, an apparent improvement, stupor, insensibility, and death ensue. On the other hand, if yielding to treatment, the fever, about the seventh day, presents marked signs of abatement; the tongue is clearer, pain leaves the head and eyes, the face is no longer flushed, nausea ceases, and a faint appetite returns. The recovery, however, is always slow and dubious. Relapses are feared, especially at the full and change of the moon; they frequently

assume the milder intermittent type, and in some Indians have recurred regularly through the year. In no case, however, does the apparent severity of the fever justify the dejection and debility of the convalescence. For six weeks, recovery is imperfect; the liver acts with unusual energy, the stomach is liable to severe indigestion, the body is lean, and the strength well-nigh prostrated. At such times change of air is the best of restoratives: removal even to a ship in the harbour, or to the neighbouring house, has been found more beneficial than all the tonics and the preventives in the pharmacopoeia.

In men of strong nervous diathesis the fever leaves slight consequences, in the shape of white hair, boils, or bad toothaches. Others suffer severely from its secondaries, which are either visceral or cerebral. Some lose memory, others virility, others the use of a limb; many become deaf or dim-sighted; and not a few, tormented by hepatitis, dysentery, constipation, and similar disease, never completely recover health. The Arabs born upon the island, and the Banyans, rarely suffer severely during the fever, but many are laid up by its consequent "nazleh," or "defluxion of humours." Some Indian Moslems have fled the country, believing themselves bewitched. Many European residents at Zanzibar have never been attacked; but upon the coast, the experience of Captain Owen's survey, of the Mombas Mission, and of our numerous cruisers, proves that no European can undergo exposure and fatigue, which promote the overflow of bile, without undergoing the "seasoning." It has, however, one advantage-those who pass the ordeal are acclimatised; even after a year's absence in Europe, they return to the tropics with little danger. The traveller is always advised to undergo his seasoning upon the coast before marching into the interior;

but after recovery he must not await a second attack, otherwise he will expend, in preparation, the strength and bottom required for the execution of his journey. Of our party the Portuguese boy, who escaped at Pangany, came in for his

turn at Zanzibar. The other has ever since had light relapses; and as a proof that the negro enjoys no immunity, Seedy Bombay is at this moment (8th June) suffering severely.

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We passed no happy time in the upper story of the Wali Meriko's house. Luckily for us, however, the master was absent at Zanzibar. The jemadar, seeing that he could do nothing, took leave, committing us to Allah and Said bin Salim. The Banyans intended great civility; they would sit with us for hours, asking, like Orientals, the silliest of questions, and thinking withal that they were doing the agreeable." Repose was out of the question. During the day, flies and gnats added another sting to the mortifications of fever. At night, rats nibbled at our feet, mosquitoes sang their song of triumph, and a torturing thirst made the terrible sleeplessness yet more terrible. Our minds were morbidly fixed upon one point-the arrival of our vessel; we had no other occupation but to rise and gaze, and exchange regrets as a sail hove in sight, drew near, and passed by. We knew that there would be no failure on the part of our thoughtful friend, who had written to promise us a "Battela" on the 1st of March. But we doubted the possibility of a Sawahili or an Arab doing anything in proper time. The vessel had been sent from Zanzibar before the end of February. The rascals who manned her, being men of Tumbatu, could not pass their homes unvisited; they wasted a precious week, and did not make Pangany till the evening of the 5th March.

After sundry bitter disappointments, we had actually hired a Banyan's boat that had newly arrived, when the expected craft ran into the river. Not a moment was to be lost. Said bin Salim, who had been a kind nurse, superintended the embarkation of our property. My companion, less severely treated, was able to walk to the shore; but I-alas, for manliness-was obliged to be supported like a bedridden old woman. The worst part of the process was the presence of a crowd. The Arabs were civil, and bade a kindly farewell. The Sawahili, however, audibly

contrasted the present with the past, and drew dedecorous conclusions from the change which a few days had worked in the man who bore a 24 lb. gun-my pet 4-ounce.

All thoughts of cruising along the southern coast were at an end. Colonel Hamerton had warned us not to despise bilious remittents; and evidently we should not have been justified in neglecting his caution to

return whenever seized by sickness. With the dawn of Friday, the 6th March, we ordered the men to up sail we stood over for Zanzibar with a fine fresh breeze, and early in the afternoon we found ourselves once more within the pale of Eastern civilisation. Deo gratias! our excellent friend at once sent us to bed-whence, gentle reader, we have the honour to make the reverential salam.

OFTEN has it been said of Indian civilians, that they very seldom judge rightly of military difficulties; and many a page of Indian history, with its record of the "exploits of politicals," has furnished a painful demonstration of the truth of this saying. Yet this mutiny has brought out some bright exceptions : of Mr Montgomery's energetic prudent firmness at Lahore we have already spoken; scarcely second was it to that displayed by the Chief Commissioner himself.

Sir John Lawrence had only reached Rawul Pindee a few hours, when a telegraphic message came from Umballa" News from Delhi very bad; blood shed; cantonments in state of siege." With the following day came the further tidings of the Meerut disaster, obtained by a runner through Saharunpore "News just come from Meerut: native regiments all mutinied; several lives lost; European troops defending barracks; telegraphic wire cut; all communication with Delhi stopped." The crisis, then, had arrived! From daily intimation of passing events in all the Punjab stations, Sir John Lawrence was not wholly unprepared for such a result. In the many acts of insubordination in Bengal and the North-west, and in the too frequent signs of disaffection in the Punjab itself, he heard the ominous mutterings of the coming

storm, and saw "the first of a thundershower;' and when the thunder pealed around him, he stood calm, collected, and prepared to face the danger-strong in his own resources, but stronger still in the power that is from above.

Carefully and anxiously had he read the past; he could the better comprehend the present, and foresee the probable future of this mutiny. The danger of the Punjab was imminent; its chief hope, under Heaven, lying in the faithfulness of the Sikhs, and the peace of the Mohammedans around. To insure these, a brave fearless course, indicative of self-confidence and strength, was the only safe one; any sign of fear or misgiving, any timid counsels or timorous measures, would have been fatal. In this spirit, prompt, ready, and hopeful, the Chief Commissioner entered on the task; and right ably was he seconded on every side.

Each message as it reached him had been "flashed" on to Peshawur. By the evening of the 12th the worst was privately known or conjectured by the authorities there; and scarcely had the disarming of the troops at Lahore been effected on the morning of the 13th, when the telegraph carried the tidings to the frontier. "council of war" was at once assembled under General Reid, commanding the division. Colonel Sydney Cotton, the Brigadier; Colonel H.

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